diff --git a/parse.y b/parse.y
index ae0ddb2960..01b88c4451 100644
--- a/parse.y
+++ b/parse.y
@@ -15549,6 +15549,23 @@ nd_value(struct parser_params *p, NODE *node)
     }
 }
 
+static void
+warn_duplicate_keys_check_key(struct parser_params *p, st_data_t key, st_table *literal_keys)
+{
+    if (OBJ_BUILTIN_TYPE(key) == T_NODE && nd_type(key) == NODE_SYM) {
+        rb_parser_string_t *parser_str = RNODE_SYM(key)->string;
+        struct RString fake_str;
+        VALUE str = rb_setup_fake_str(&fake_str, parser_str->ptr, parser_str->len, parser_str->enc);
+        if (rb_enc_asciicompat(parser_str->enc) && rb_enc_str_coderange(str) == ENC_CODERANGE_BROKEN) {
+            st_free_table(literal_keys);
+            /* Since we have a ASCII compatible encoding and the coderange is
+             * broken, sym_check_asciionly should raise an EncodingError. */
+            rb_check_id_cstr(parser_str->ptr, parser_str->len, parser_str->enc);
+            rb_bug("unreachable");
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 static void
 warn_duplicate_keys(struct parser_params *p, NODE *hash)
 {
@@ -15567,12 +15584,18 @@ warn_duplicate_keys(struct parser_params *p, NODE *hash)
         if (!head) {
             key = (st_data_t)value;
         }
-        else if (nd_type_st_key_enable_p(head) &&
-                 st_delete(literal_keys, (key = (st_data_t)nd_st_key(p, head), &key), &data)) {
-            rb_compile_warn(p->ruby_sourcefile, nd_line((NODE *)data),
-                            "key %+"PRIsVALUE" is duplicated and overwritten on line %d",
-                            nd_value(p, head), nd_line(head));
+        else if (nd_type_st_key_enable_p(head)) {
+            warn_duplicate_keys_check_key(p, (st_data_t)head, literal_keys);
+
+            key = (st_data_t)nd_st_key(p, head);
+            if (st_delete(literal_keys, &key, &data)) {
+                rb_compile_warn(p->ruby_sourcefile, nd_line((NODE *)data),
+                                "key %+"PRIsVALUE" is duplicated and overwritten on line %d",
+                                nd_value(p, head), nd_line(head));
+            }
         }
+
+        warn_duplicate_keys_check_key(p, key, literal_keys);
         st_insert(literal_keys, (st_data_t)key, (st_data_t)hash);
         hash = next;
     }
diff --git a/ruby_parser.c b/ruby_parser.c
index 7061f2be5b..9560c66ef1 100644
--- a/ruby_parser.c
+++ b/ruby_parser.c
@@ -292,6 +292,18 @@ enc_symname_type(const char *name, long len, void *enc, unsigned int allowed_att
     return rb_enc_symname_type(name, len, (rb_encoding *)enc, allowed_attrset);
 }
 
+static ID
+check_id_cstr(const char *ptr, long len, void *enc)
+{
+    return rb_check_id_cstr(ptr, len, (rb_encoding *)enc);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+setup_fake_str(struct RString *fake_str, const char *name, long len, void *enc)
+{
+    return rb_setup_fake_str(fake_str, name, len, (rb_encoding *)enc);
+}
+
 typedef struct {
     struct parser_params *parser;
     rb_encoding *enc;
@@ -551,6 +563,7 @@ static const rb_parser_config_t rb_global_parser_config = {
     .id2str = rb_id2str,
     .id2sym = rb_id2sym,
     .sym2id = rb_sym2id,
+    .check_id_cstr = check_id_cstr,
 
     .str_catf = rb_str_catf,
     .str_cat_cstr = rb_str_cat_cstr,
@@ -565,10 +578,12 @@ static const rb_parser_config_t rb_global_parser_config = {
     .str_resize = rb_str_resize,
     .str_new = rb_str_new,
     .str_new_cstr = rb_str_new_cstr,
+    .setup_fake_str = setup_fake_str,
     .fstring = rb_fstring,
     .is_ascii_string = is_ascii_string2,
     .enc_str_new = enc_str_new,
     .enc_str_buf_cat = enc_str_buf_cat,
+    .enc_str_coderange = rb_enc_str_coderange,
     .str_buf_append = rb_str_buf_append,
     .str_vcatf = rb_str_vcatf,
     .string_value_cstr = rb_string_value_cstr,
@@ -628,6 +643,7 @@ static const rb_parser_config_t rb_global_parser_config = {
     .encoding_set = encoding_set,
     .encoding_is_ascii8bit = encoding_is_ascii8bit,
     .usascii_encoding = usascii_encoding,
+    .enc_coderange_broken = ENC_CODERANGE_BROKEN,
 
     .ractor_make_shareable = rb_ractor_make_shareable,
 
diff --git a/rubyparser.h b/rubyparser.h
index ab55233d6d..59f594bad0 100644
--- a/rubyparser.h
+++ b/rubyparser.h
@@ -1277,6 +1277,7 @@ typedef struct rb_parser_config_struct {
     VALUE (*id2str)(ID id);
     VALUE (*id2sym)(ID x);
     ID (*sym2id)(VALUE sym);
+    ID (*check_id_cstr)(const char *ptr, long len, rb_encoding *enc);
 
     /* String */
     RBIMPL_ATTR_FORMAT(RBIMPL_PRINTF_FORMAT, 2, 3)
@@ -1293,10 +1294,12 @@ typedef struct rb_parser_config_struct {
     VALUE (*str_resize)(VALUE str, long len);
     VALUE (*str_new)(const char *ptr, long len);
     VALUE (*str_new_cstr)(const char *ptr);
+    VALUE (*setup_fake_str)(struct RString *fake_str, const char *name, long len, rb_encoding *enc);
     VALUE (*fstring)(VALUE);
     int (*is_ascii_string)(VALUE str);
     VALUE (*enc_str_new)(const char *ptr, long len, rb_encoding *enc);
     VALUE (*enc_str_buf_cat)(VALUE str, const char *ptr, long len, rb_encoding *enc);
+    int (*enc_str_coderange)(VALUE str);
     VALUE (*str_buf_append)(VALUE str, VALUE str2);
     RBIMPL_ATTR_FORMAT(RBIMPL_PRINTF_FORMAT, 2, 0)
     VALUE (*str_vcatf)(VALUE str, const char *fmt, va_list ap);
@@ -1361,6 +1364,7 @@ typedef struct rb_parser_config_struct {
     void (*encoding_set)(VALUE obj, int encindex);
     int (*encoding_is_ascii8bit)(VALUE obj);
     rb_encoding *(*usascii_encoding)(void);
+    int enc_coderange_broken;
 
     /* Ractor */
     VALUE (*ractor_make_shareable)(VALUE obj);
diff --git a/test/ruby/test_syntax.rb b/test/ruby/test_syntax.rb
index 854fd46027..a3aa823cdc 100644
--- a/test/ruby/test_syntax.rb
+++ b/test/ruby/test_syntax.rb
@@ -1365,6 +1365,21 @@ eom
     assert_valid_syntax 'p :foo, {proc do end => proc do end, b: proc do end}', bug13073
   end
 
+  def test_invalid_symbol_in_hash_memory_leak
+    assert_no_memory_leak([], "#{<<-'begin;'}", "#{<<-'end;'}", rss: true)
+      str = '{"\xC3": 1}'.force_encoding("UTF-8")
+      code = proc do
+        eval(str)
+        raise "unreachable"
+      rescue EncodingError
+      end
+
+      1_000.times(&code)
+    begin;
+      1_000_000.times(&code)
+    end;
+  end
+
   def test_do_after_local_variable
     obj = Object.new
     def obj.m; yield; end
diff --git a/universal_parser.c b/universal_parser.c
index b670d0f4e3..0e7059638b 100644
--- a/universal_parser.c
+++ b/universal_parser.c
@@ -173,6 +173,7 @@ struct rb_imemo_tmpbuf_struct {
 #define ID2SYM                   p->config->id2sym
 #undef SYM2ID
 #define SYM2ID                   p->config->sym2id
+#define rb_check_id_cstr         p->config->check_id_cstr
 
 #define rb_str_catf                       p->config->str_catf
 #undef rb_str_cat_cstr
@@ -191,10 +192,12 @@ struct rb_imemo_tmpbuf_struct {
 #define rb_str_new                        p->config->str_new
 #undef rb_str_new_cstr
 #define rb_str_new_cstr                   p->config->str_new_cstr
+#define rb_setup_fake_str                 p->config->setup_fake_str
 #define rb_fstring                        p->config->fstring
 #define is_ascii_string                   p->config->is_ascii_string
 #define rb_enc_str_new                    p->config->enc_str_new
 #define rb_enc_str_buf_cat                p->config->enc_str_buf_cat
+#define rb_enc_str_coderange              p->config->enc_str_coderange
 #define rb_str_buf_append                 p->config->str_buf_append
 #define rb_str_vcatf                      p->config->str_vcatf
 #undef StringValueCStr
@@ -259,6 +262,7 @@ struct rb_imemo_tmpbuf_struct {
 #define ENCODING_SET            p->config->encoding_set
 #define ENCODING_IS_ASCII8BIT   p->config->encoding_is_ascii8bit
 #define rb_usascii_encoding     p->config->usascii_encoding
+#define ENC_CODERANGE_BROKEN    p->config->enc_coderange_broken
 
 #define rb_ractor_make_shareable p->config->ractor_make_shareable