diff --git a/lib/bundler/rubygems_ext.rb b/lib/bundler/rubygems_ext.rb
index c684c6023a..1f3fb0fdde 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/rubygems_ext.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/rubygems_ext.rb
@@ -447,6 +447,17 @@ module Gem
     end
   end
 
+  unless Gem.rubygems_version >= Gem::Version.new("3.6.7")
+    module UnfreezeCompactIndexParsedResponse
+      def parse(line)
+        version, platform, dependencies, requirements = super
+        [version, platform, dependencies.frozen? ? dependencies.dup : dependencies, requirements.frozen? ? requirements.dup : requirements]
+      end
+    end
+
+    Resolver::APISet::GemParser.prepend(UnfreezeCompactIndexParsedResponse)
+  end
+
   if Gem.rubygems_version < Gem::Version.new("3.6.0")
     class Package; end
     require "rubygems/package/tar_reader"
diff --git a/lib/rubygems/resolver/api_set/gem_parser.rb b/lib/rubygems/resolver/api_set/gem_parser.rb
index 643b857107..7dd9a89ebc 100644
--- a/lib/rubygems/resolver/api_set/gem_parser.rb
+++ b/lib/rubygems/resolver/api_set/gem_parser.rb
@@ -1,15 +1,12 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
 class Gem::Resolver::APISet::GemParser
-  EMPTY_ARRAY = [].freeze
-  private_constant :EMPTY_ARRAY
-
   def parse(line)
     version_and_platform, rest = line.split(" ", 2)
     version, platform = version_and_platform.split("-", 2)
     dependencies, requirements = rest.split("|", 2).map! {|s| s.split(",") } if rest
-    dependencies = dependencies ? dependencies.map! {|d| parse_dependency(d) } : EMPTY_ARRAY
-    requirements = requirements ? requirements.map! {|d| parse_dependency(d) } : EMPTY_ARRAY
+    dependencies = dependencies ? dependencies.map! {|d| parse_dependency(d) } : []
+    requirements = requirements ? requirements.map! {|d| parse_dependency(d) } : []
     [version, platform, dependencies, requirements]
   end
 
diff --git a/spec/bundler/install/gems/compact_index_spec.rb b/spec/bundler/install/gems/compact_index_spec.rb
index 6f34cbbe85..2cf9b19e41 100644
--- a/spec/bundler/install/gems/compact_index_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/bundler/install/gems/compact_index_spec.rb
@@ -1089,4 +1089,11 @@ Running `bundle update rails` should fix the problem.
     count = lockfile.match?("CHECKSUMS") ? 2 : 1 # Once in the specs, and once in CHECKSUMS
     expect(lockfile.scan(/activemerchant \(/).size).to eq(count)
   end
+
+  it "handles an API that does not provide checksums info (undocumented, support may get removed)" do
+    install_gemfile <<-G, artifice: "compact_index_no_checksums"
+      source "https://gem.repo1"
+      gem "rake"
+    G
+  end
 end
diff --git a/spec/bundler/support/artifice/compact_index_no_checksums.rb b/spec/bundler/support/artifice/compact_index_no_checksums.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ecb7fc7d7c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spec/bundler/support/artifice/compact_index_no_checksums.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require_relative "helpers/compact_index"
+
+class CompactIndexNoChecksums < CompactIndexAPI
+  get "/info/:name" do
+    etag_response do
+      gem = gems.find {|g| g.name == params[:name] }
+      gem.versions.map(&:number).join("\n")
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+require_relative "helpers/artifice"
+
+Artifice.activate_with(CompactIndexNoChecksums)