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doc/shell.rd
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doc/shell.rd
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-- shell.rb
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$Release Version: 0.6.0 $
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$Revision$
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by Keiju ISHITSUKA(keiju@ishitsuka.com)
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=begin
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= What's shell.rb?
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It realizes a wish to do execution of commands with filters and pipes
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like sh/csh by using just native facilities of ruby.
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= Main classes
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== Shell
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Every shell object has its own current working directory, and executes
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each command as if it stands in the directory.
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--- Shell#cwd
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--- Shell#dir
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--- Shell#getwd
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--- Shell#pwd
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Returns the current directory
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--- Shell#system_path
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Returns the command search path in an array
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--- Shell#umask
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Returns the umask
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== Filter
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Any result of command exection is a Filter. Filter include
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Enumerable, therefore a Filter object can use all Enumerable
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facilities.
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= Main methods
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== Command definitions
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In order to execute a command on your OS, you need to define it as a
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Shell method.
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Alternatively, you can execute any command via Shell#system even if it
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is not defined.
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--- Shell.def_system_command(command, path = command)
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Defines a command. Registers <path> as a Shell method
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<command>.
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ex)
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Shell.def_system_command "ls"
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Defines ls.
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Shell.def_system_command "sys_sort", "sort"
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Defines sys_sort as sort.
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--- Shell.undef_system_command(command)
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Undefines a commmand
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--- Shell.alias_command(ali, command, *opts) {...}
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Aliases a command.
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ex)
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Shell.alias_command "lsC", "ls", "-CBF", "--show-control-chars"
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Shell.alias_command("lsC", "ls"){|*opts| ["-CBF", "--show-control-chars", *opts]}
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--- Shell.unalias_command(ali)
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Unaliases a command.
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--- Shell.install_system_commands(pre = "sys_")
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Defines all commands in the default_system_path as Shell method,
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all with <pre> prefixed to their names.
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== Creation
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--- Shell.new
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Creates a Shell object which current directory is set to the
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process current directory.
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--- Shell.cd(path)
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Creates a Shell object which current directory is set to
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<path>.
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== Process management
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--- Shell#jobs
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Returns a list of scheduled jobs.
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--- Shell#kill sig, job
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Sends a signal <sig> to <job>.
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== Current directory operations
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--- Shell#cd(path, &block)
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--- Shell#chdir
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Changes the current directory to <path>. If a block is given,
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it restores the current directory when the block ends.
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--- Shell#pushd(path = nil, &block)
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--- Shell#pushdir
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Pushes the current directory to the directory stack, changing
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the current directory to <path>. If <path> is omitted, it
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exchanges its current directory and the top of its directory
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stack. If a block is given, it restores the current directory
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when the block ends.
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--- Shell#popd
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--- Shell#popdir
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Pops a directory from the directory stack, and sets the current
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directory to it.
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== File and directory operations
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--- Shell#foreach(path = nil, &block)
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Same as:
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File#foreach (when path is a file)
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Dir#foreach (when path is a directory)
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--- Shell#open(path, mode)
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Same as:
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File#open (when path is a file)
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Dir#open (when path is a directory)
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--- Shell#unlink(path)
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Same as:
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Dir#open (when path is a file)
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Dir#unlink (when path is a directory)
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--- Shell#test(command, file1, file2)
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--- Shell#[command, file1, file2]
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Same as test().
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ex)
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sh[?e, "foo"]
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sh[:e, "foo"]
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sh["e", "foo"]
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sh[:exists?, "foo"]
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sh["exists?", "foo"]
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--- Shell#mkdir(*path)
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Same as Dir.mkdir (with multiple directories allowed)
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--- Shell#rmdir(*path)
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Same as Dir.rmdir (with multiple directories allowed)
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== Command execution
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--- System#system(command, *opts)
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Executes <command> with <opts>.
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ex)
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print sh.system("ls", "-l")
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sh.system("ls", "-l") | sh.head > STDOUT
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--- System#rehash
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Does rehash.
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--- Shell#transact &block
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Executes a block as self.
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ex)
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sh.transact{system("ls", "-l") | head > STDOUT}
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--- Shell#out(dev = STDOUT, &block)
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Does transact, with redirecting the result output to <dev>.
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== Internal commands
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--- Shell#echo(*strings)
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--- Shell#cat(*files)
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--- Shell#glob(patten)
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--- Shell#tee(file)
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Return Filter objects, which are results of their execution.
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--- Filter#each &block
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Iterates a block for each line of it.
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--- Filter#<(src)
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Inputs from <src>, which is either a string of a file name or an
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IO.
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--- Filter#>(to)
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Outputs to <to>, which is either a string of a file name or an
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IO.
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--- Filter#>>(to)
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Appends the ouput to <to>, which is either a string of a file
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name or an IO.
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--- Filter#|(filter)
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Processes a pipeline.
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--- Filter#+(filter)
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(filter1 + filter2) outputs filter1, and then outputs filter2.
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--- Filter#to_a
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--- Filter#to_s
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== Built-in commands
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--- Shell#atime(file)
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--- Shell#basename(file, *opt)
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--- Shell#chmod(mode, *files)
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--- Shell#chown(owner, group, *file)
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--- Shell#ctime(file)
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--- Shell#delete(*file)
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--- Shell#dirname(file)
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--- Shell#ftype(file)
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--- Shell#join(*file)
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--- Shell#link(file_from, file_to)
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--- Shell#lstat(file)
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--- Shell#mtime(file)
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--- Shell#readlink(file)
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--- Shell#rename(file_from, file_to)
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--- Shell#split(file)
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--- Shell#stat(file)
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--- Shell#symlink(file_from, file_to)
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--- Shell#truncate(file, length)
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--- Shell#utime(atime, mtime, *file)
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Equivalent to the class methods of File with the same names.
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--- Shell#blockdev?(file)
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--- Shell#chardev?(file)
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--- Shell#directory?(file)
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--- Shell#executable?(file)
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--- Shell#executable_real?(file)
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--- Shell#exist?(file)/Shell#exists?(file)
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--- Shell#file?(file)
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--- Shell#grpowned?(file)
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--- Shell#owned?(file)
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--- Shell#pipe?(file)
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--- Shell#readable?(file)
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--- Shell#readable_real?(file)
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--- Shell#setgid?(file)
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--- Shell#setuid?(file)
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--- Shell#size(file)/Shell#size?(file)
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--- Shell#socket?(file)
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--- Shell#sticky?(file)
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--- Shell#symlink?(file)
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--- Shell#writable?(file)
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--- Shell#writable_real?(file)
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--- Shell#zero?(file)
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Equivalent to the class methods of FileTest with the same names.
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--- Shell#syscopy(filename_from, filename_to)
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--- Shell#copy(filename_from, filename_to)
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--- Shell#move(filename_from, filename_to)
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--- Shell#compare(filename_from, filename_to)
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--- Shell#safe_unlink(*filenames)
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--- Shell#makedirs(*filenames)
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--- Shell#install(filename_from, filename_to, mode)
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Equivalent to the class methods of FileTools with the same
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names.
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And also, there are some aliases for convenience:
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--- Shell#cmp <- Shell#compare
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--- Shell#mv <- Shell#move
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--- Shell#cp <- Shell#copy
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--- Shell#rm_f <- Shell#safe_unlink
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--- Shell#mkpath <- Shell#makedirs
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= Samples
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== ex1
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sh = Shell.cd("/tmp")
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sh.mkdir "shell-test-1" unless sh.exists?("shell-test-1")
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sh.cd("shell-test-1")
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for dir in ["dir1", "dir3", "dir5"]
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if !sh.exists?(dir)
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sh.mkdir dir
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sh.cd(dir) do
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f = sh.open("tmpFile", "w")
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f.print "TEST\n"
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f.close
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end
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print sh.pwd
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end
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end
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== ex2
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sh = Shell.cd("/tmp")
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sh.transact do
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mkdir "shell-test-1" unless exists?("shell-test-1")
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cd("shell-test-1")
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for dir in ["dir1", "dir3", "dir5"]
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if !exists?(dir)
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mkdir dir
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cd(dir) do
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f = open("tmpFile", "w")
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f.print "TEST\n"
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f.close
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end
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print pwd
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end
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end
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end
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== ex3
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sh.cat("/etc/printcap") | sh.tee("tee1") > "tee2"
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(sh.cat < "/etc/printcap") | sh.tee("tee11") > "tee12"
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sh.cat("/etc/printcap") | sh.tee("tee1") >> "tee2"
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(sh.cat < "/etc/printcap") | sh.tee("tee11") >> "tee12"
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== ex4
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print sh.cat("/etc/passwd").head.collect{|l| l =~ /keiju/}
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=end
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