diff --git a/test/ruby/test_refinement.rb b/test/ruby/test_refinement.rb
index 50f0333c2c..14c112f344 100644
--- a/test/ruby/test_refinement.rb
+++ b/test/ruby/test_refinement.rb
@@ -2537,6 +2537,28 @@ class TestRefinement < Test::Unit::TestCase
     assert_equal(:second, klass.new.foo)
   end
 
+  class Bug17822
+    module Ext
+      refine(Bug17822) do
+        def foo = :refined
+      end
+    end
+
+    private(def foo = :not_refined)
+
+    module Client
+      using Ext
+      def self.call_foo
+        Bug17822.new.foo
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  # [Bug #17822]
+  def test_privatizing_refined_method
+    assert_equal(:refined, Bug17822::Client.call_foo)
+  end
+
   private
 
   def eval_using(mod, s)
diff --git a/vm_method.c b/vm_method.c
index 34200dc5f8..740279cdc9 100644
--- a/vm_method.c
+++ b/vm_method.c
@@ -1409,11 +1409,16 @@ rb_export_method(VALUE klass, ID name, rb_method_visibility_t visi)
 	rb_vm_check_redefinition_opt_method(me, klass);
 
 	if (klass == defined_class || origin_class == defined_class) {
-	    METHOD_ENTRY_VISI_SET(me, visi);
-
-	    if (me->def->type == VM_METHOD_TYPE_REFINED && me->def->body.refined.orig_me) {
-		METHOD_ENTRY_VISI_SET((rb_method_entry_t *)me->def->body.refined.orig_me, visi);
-	    }
+            if (me->def->type == VM_METHOD_TYPE_REFINED) {
+                // Refinement method entries should always be public because the refinement
+                // search is always performed.
+                if (me->def->body.refined.orig_me) {
+                    METHOD_ENTRY_VISI_SET((rb_method_entry_t *)me->def->body.refined.orig_me, visi);
+                }
+            }
+            else {
+                METHOD_ENTRY_VISI_SET(me, visi);
+            }
             rb_clear_method_cache(klass, name);
 	}
 	else {