diff --git a/lib/bundler/definition.rb b/lib/bundler/definition.rb
index da180ce255..1bb26b6878 100644
--- a/lib/bundler/definition.rb
+++ b/lib/bundler/definition.rb
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ module Bundler
       @dependency_changes = converge_dependencies
       @local_changes = converge_locals
 
-      @locked_specs_incomplete_for_platform = !@locked_specs.for(expand_dependencies(requested_dependencies & locked_dependencies), true, true)
+      @locked_specs_incomplete_for_platform = !@locked_specs.for(requested_dependencies & expand_dependencies(locked_dependencies), true, true)
 
       @requires = compute_requires
     end
@@ -239,16 +239,17 @@ module Bundler
     end
 
     def specs_for(groups)
-      groups = requested_groups if groups.empty?
+      return specs if groups.empty?
       deps = dependencies_for(groups)
-      materialize(expand_dependencies(deps))
+      materialize(deps)
     end
 
     def dependencies_for(groups)
       groups.map!(&:to_sym)
-      current_dependencies.reject do |d|
+      deps = current_dependencies.reject do |d|
         (d.groups & groups).empty?
       end
+      expand_dependencies(deps)
     end
 
     # Resolve all the dependencies specified in Gemfile. It ensures that
diff --git a/spec/bundler/runtime/setup_spec.rb b/spec/bundler/runtime/setup_spec.rb
index b35b7a233c..3cf373fe1c 100644
--- a/spec/bundler/runtime/setup_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/bundler/runtime/setup_spec.rb
@@ -1468,5 +1468,21 @@ end
 
       expect(last_command.stdboth).to eq("true")
     end
+
+    it "memoizes initial set of specs when requiring bundler/setup, so that even if further code mutates dependencies, Bundler.definition.specs is not affected" do
+      install_gemfile <<~G
+        source "#{file_uri_for(gem_repo1)}"
+        gem "yard"
+        gem "rack", :group => :test
+      G
+
+      ruby <<-RUBY, :raise_on_error => false
+        require "bundler/setup"
+        Bundler.require(:test).select! {|d| (d.groups & [:test]).any? }
+        puts Bundler.definition.specs.map(&:name).join(", ")
+      RUBY
+
+      expect(out).to include("rack, yard")
+    end
   end
 end