RD -> RDoc by William Webber

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=begin # = net/smtp.rb
#
= net/smtp.rb #--
# Copyright (c) 1999-2003 Yukihiro Matsumoto
Copyright (c) 1999-2003 Yukihiro Matsumoto # Copyright (c) 1999-2003 Minero Aoki
Copyright (c) 1999-2003 Minero Aoki #
# written & maintained by Minero Aoki <aamine@loveruby.net>
written & maintained by Minero Aoki <aamine@loveruby.net> #
# This program is free software. You can re-distribute and/or
This program is free software. You can re-distribute and/or # modify this program under the same terms as Ruby itself,
modify this program under the same terms as Ruby itself, # Ruby Distribute License or GNU General Public License.
Ruby Distribute License or GNU General Public License. #
# NOTE: You can find Japanese version of this document in
NOTE: You can find Japanese version of this document in # the doc/net directory of the standard ruby interpreter package.
the doc/net directory of the standard ruby interpreter package. #
# $Id$
$Id$ #++
#
== What is This Module? # == What is This Library?
#
This module provides your program the functions to send internet # This library provides functionality to send internet
mail via SMTP, Simple Mail Transfer Protocol. For details of # mail via SMTP, the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol. For details of
SMTP itself, refer [RFC2821] ((<URL:http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2821.txt>)). # SMTP itself, see [RFC2821] (http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2821.txt).
#
== What is NOT This Module? # == What is This Library NOT?
#
This module does NOT provide functions to compose internet mails. # This library does NOT provide functions to compose internet mails.
You must create it by yourself. If you want better mail support, # You must create them by yourself. If you want better mail support,
try RubyMail or TMail. You can get both libraries from RAA. # try RubyMail or TMail. You can get both libraries from RAA.
((<URL:http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/raa.html>)) # (http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/raa.html)
#
FYI: official documentation of internet mail is: # FYI: the official documentation on internet mail is: [RFC2822] (http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2822.txt).
[RFC2822] ((<URL:http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2822.txt>)). #
# == Examples
== Examples #
# === Sending Messages
=== Sending Message #
# You must open a connection to an SMTP server before sending messages.
You must open connection to SMTP server before sending messages. # The first argument is the address of your SMTP server, and the second
First argument is the address of SMTP server, and second argument # argument is the port number. Using SMTP.start with a block is the simplest
is port number. Using SMTP.start with block is the most simple way # way to do this. This way, the SMTP connection is closed automatically
to do it. SMTP connection is closed automatically after block is # after the block is executed.
executed. #
# require 'net/smtp'
require 'net/smtp' # Net::SMTP.start('your.smtp.server', 25) {|smtp|
Net::SMTP.start('your.smtp.server', 25) {|smtp| # # use the SMTP object smtp only in this block
# use a SMTP object only in this block # }
} #
# Replace 'your.smtp.server' with your SMTP server. Normally
Replace 'your.smtp.server' by your SMTP server. Normally # your system manager or internet provider supplies a server
your system manager or internet provider is supplying a server # for you.
for you. #
# Then you can send messages.
Then you can send messages. #
# msgstr = <<END_OF_MESSAGE
msgstr = <<END_OF_MESSAGE # From: Your Name <your@mail.address>
From: Your Name <your@mail.address> # To: Destination Address <someone@example.com>
To: Destination Address <someone@example.com> # Subject: test message
Subject: test message # Date: Sat, 23 Jun 2001 16:26:43 +0900
Date: Sat, 23 Jun 2001 16:26:43 +0900 # Message-Id: <unique.message.id.string@example.com>
Message-Id: <unique.message.id.string@example.com> #
# This is a test message.
This is a test message. # END_OF_MESSAGE
END_OF_MESSAGE #
# require 'net/smtp'
require 'net/smtp' # Net::SMTP.start('your.smtp.server', 25) {|smtp|
Net::SMTP.start('your.smtp.server', 25) {|smtp| # smtp.send_message msgstr,
smtp.send_message msgstr, # 'your@mail.address',
'your@mail.address', # 'his_addess@example.com'
'his_addess@example.com' # }
} #
# === Closing the Session
=== Closing Session #
# You MUST close the SMTP session after sending messages, by calling
You MUST close SMTP session after sending messages, by calling #finish # the #finish method:
method: #
# # using SMTP#finish
# using SMTP#finish # smtp = Net::SMTP.start('your.smtp.server', 25)
smtp = Net::SMTP.start('your.smtp.server', 25) # smtp.send_message msgstr, 'from@address', 'to@address'
smtp.send_message msgstr, 'from@address', 'to@address' # smtp.finish
smtp.finish #
# You can also use the block form of SMTP.start/SMTP#start. This closes
You can also use block form of SMTP.start/SMTP#start. They closes # the SMTP session automatically:
SMTP session automatically: #
# # using block form of SMTP.start
# using block form of SMTP.start # Net::SMTP.start('your.smtp.server', 25) {|smtp|
Net::SMTP.start('your.smtp.server', 25) {|smtp| # smtp.send_message msgstr, 'from@address', 'to@address'
smtp.send_message msgstr, 'from@address', 'to@address' # }
} #
# I strongly recommend this scheme. This form is simpler and more robust.
I strongly recommend this scheme. This form is more simple and robust. #
# === HELO domain
=== HELO domain #
# In almost all situations, you must provide a third argument
In almost all situation, you must designate the third argument # to SMTP.start/SMTP#start. This is the domain name which you are on
of SMTP.start/SMTP#start. It is the domain name which you are on # (the host to send mail from). It is called the "HELO domain".
(the host to send mail from). It is called "HELO domain". # The SMTP server will judge whether it should send or reject
SMTP server will judge if he/she should send or reject # the SMTP session by inspecting the HELO domain.
the SMTP session by inspecting HELO domain. #
# Net::SMTP.start('your.smtp.server', 25,
Net::SMTP.start('your.smtp.server', 25, # 'mail.from.domain') {|smtp| ... }
'mail.from.domain') {|smtp| #
# === SMTP Authentication
=== SMTP Authentication #
# The Net::SMTP class supports three authentication schemes;
The Net::SMTP class supports three authentication schemes; # PLAIN, LOGIN and CRAM MD5. (SMTP Authentication: [RFC2554])
PLAIN, LOGIN and CRAM MD5. (SMTP Authentication: [RFC2554]) # To use SMTP authentication, pass extra arguments to
To use SMTP authentication, pass extra arguments to # SMTP.start/SMTP#start.
SMTP.start/SMTP#start methods. #
# # PLAIN
# PLAIN # Net::SMTP.start('your.smtp.server', 25, 'mail.from,domain',
Net::SMTP.start('your.smtp.server', 25, 'mail.from,domain', # 'Your Account', 'Your Password', :plain)
'Your Account', 'Your Password', :plain) # # LOGIN
# LOGIN # Net::SMTP.start('your.smtp.server', 25, 'mail.from,domain',
Net::SMTP.start('your.smtp.server', 25, 'mail.from,domain', # 'Your Account', 'Your Password', :login)
'Your Account', 'Your Password', :login) #
# # CRAM MD5
# CRAM MD5 # Net::SMTP.start('your.smtp.server', 25, 'mail.from,domain',
Net::SMTP.start('your.smtp.server', 25, 'mail.from,domain', # 'Your Account', 'Your Password', :cram_md5)
'Your Account', 'Your Password', :cram_md5)
== class Net::SMTP
=== Class Methods
: new( address, port = 25 )
creates a new Net::SMTP object.
This method does not open TCP connection.
: start( address, port = 25, helo_domain = 'localhost.localdomain', account = nil, password = nil, authtype = nil )
: start( address, port = 25, helo_domain = 'localhost.localdomain', account = nil, password = nil, authtype = nil ) {|smtp| .... }
is equal to:
Net::SMTP.new(address,port).start(helo_domain,account,password,authtype)
# example
Net::SMTP.start('your.smtp.server') {
smtp.send_message msgstr, 'from@example.com', ['dest@example.com']
}
This method may raise:
* Net::SMTPAuthenticationError
* Net::SMTPServerBusy
* Net::SMTPSyntaxError
* Net::SMTPFatalError
* Net::SMTPUnknownError
* IOError
* TimeoutError
=== Instance Methods
: start( helo_domain = <local host name>, account = nil, password = nil, authtype = nil )
: start( helo_domain = <local host name>, account = nil, password = nil, authtype = nil ) {|smtp| .... }
opens TCP connection and starts SMTP session.
HELO_DOMAIN is a domain that you'll dispatch mails from.
If protocol had been started, raises IOError.
When this methods is called with block, give a SMTP object to block and
close session after block call finished.
If both of account and password are given, is trying to get
authentication by using AUTH command. AUTHTYPE is an either of
:login, :plain, and :cram_md5.
This method may raise:
* Net::SMTPAuthenticationError
* Net::SMTPServerBusy
* Net::SMTPSyntaxError
* Net::SMTPFatalError
* Net::SMTPUnknownError
* IOError
* TimeoutError
: started?
: active? OBSOLETE
true if SMTP session is started.
: esmtp?
true if the SMTP object uses ESMTP.
: esmtp=(b)
set wheather SMTP should use ESMTP.
: address
the address to connect
: port
the port number to connect
: open_timeout
: open_timeout=(n)
seconds to wait until connection is opened.
If SMTP object cannot open a conection in this seconds,
it raises TimeoutError exception.
: read_timeout
: read_timeout=(n)
seconds to wait until reading one block (by one read(2) call).
If SMTP object cannot open a conection in this seconds,
it raises TimeoutError exception.
: finish
finishes SMTP session.
If SMTP session had not started, raises an IOError.
If SMTP session timed out, raises TimeoutError.
: send_message( msgstr, from_addr, *dest_addrs )
: send_mail( msgstr, from_addr, *dest_addrs )
: sendmail( msgstr, from_addr, *dest_addrs ) OBSOLETE
sends a String MSGSTR. If a single CR ("\r") or LF ("\n") found
in the MEGSTR, converts it to the CR LF pair. You cannot send a
binary message with this class.
FROM_ADDR must be a String, representing source mail address.
TO_ADDRS must be Strings or an Array of Strings, representing
destination mail addresses.
# example
Net::SMTP.start('smtp.example.com') {|smtp|
smtp.send_message msgstr,
'from@example.com',
['dest@example.com', 'dest2@example.com']
}
This method may raise:
* Net::SMTPServerBusy
* Net::SMTPSyntaxError
* Net::SMTPFatalError
* Net::SMTPUnknownError
* IOError
* TimeoutError
: open_message_stream( from_addr, *dest_addrs ) {|stream| .... }
: ready( from_addr, *dest_addrs ) {|stream| .... } OBSOLETE
opens a message writer stream and gives it to the block.
STREAM is valid only in the block, and has these methods:
: puts(str = '')
outputs STR and CR LF.
: print(str)
outputs STR.
: printf(fmt, *args)
outputs sprintf(fmt,*args).
: write(str)
outputs STR and returns the length of written bytes.
: <<(str)
outputs STR and returns self.
If a single CR ("\r") or LF ("\n") found in the message,
converts it to the CR LF pair. You cannot send a binary
message with this class.
FROM_ADDR must be a String, representing source mail address.
TO_ADDRS must be Strings or an Array of Strings, representing
destination mail addresses.
# example
Net::SMTP.start('smtp.example.com', 25) {|smtp|
smtp.open_message_stream('from@example.com', ['dest@example.com']) {|f|
f.puts 'From: from@example.com'
f.puts 'To: dest@example.com'
f.puts 'Subject: test message'
f.puts
f.puts 'This is a test message.'
}
}
This method may raise:
* Net::SMTPServerBusy
* Net::SMTPSyntaxError
* Net::SMTPFatalError
* Net::SMTPUnknownError
* IOError
* TimeoutError
: set_debug_output( output )
WARNING: This method causes serious security holes.
Use this method for only debugging.
set an output stream for debug logging.
You must call this before #start.
# example
smtp = Net::SMTP.new(addr, port)
smtp.set_debug_output $stderr
smtp.start {
....
}
== SMTP Related Exception Classes
: Net::SMTPAuthenticationError
SMTP authentication error.
ancestors: SMTPError, ProtoAuthError (obsolete), ProtocolError (obsolete)
: Net::SMTPServerBusy
Temporal error; error number 420/450.
ancestors: SMTPError, ProtoServerError (obsolete), ProtocolError (obsolete)
: Net::SMTPSyntaxError
SMTP command syntax error (error number 500)
ancestors: SMTPError, ProtoSyntaxError (obsolete), ProtocolError (obsolete)
: Net::SMTPFatalError
Fatal error (error number 5xx, except 500)
ancestors: SMTPError, ProtoFatalError (obsolete), ProtocolError (obsolete)
: Net::SMTPUnknownError
Unexpected reply code returned from server
(might be a bug of this library).
ancestors: SMTPError, ProtoUnkownError (obsolete), ProtocolError (obsolete)
=end
require 'net/protocol' require 'net/protocol'
require 'digest/md5' require 'digest/md5'
@ -327,35 +124,55 @@ require 'digest/md5'
module Net module Net
# Module mixed in to all SMTP error classes
module SMTPError module SMTPError
# This *class* is module for some reason. # This *class* is module for some reason.
# In ruby 1.9.x, this module becomes a class. # In ruby 1.9.x, this module becomes a class.
end end
# Represents an SMTP authentication error.
class SMTPAuthenticationError < ProtoAuthError class SMTPAuthenticationError < ProtoAuthError
include SMTPError include SMTPError
end end
# Represents SMTP error code 420 or 450, a temporary error.
class SMTPServerBusy < ProtoServerError class SMTPServerBusy < ProtoServerError
include SMTPError include SMTPError
end end
# Represents an SMTP command syntax error (error code 500)
class SMTPSyntaxError < ProtoSyntaxError class SMTPSyntaxError < ProtoSyntaxError
include SMTPError include SMTPError
end end
# Represents a fatal SMTP error (error code 5xx, except for 500)
class SMTPFatalError < ProtoFatalError class SMTPFatalError < ProtoFatalError
include SMTPError include SMTPError
end end
# Unexpected reply code returned from server.
class SMTPUnknownError < ProtoUnknownError class SMTPUnknownError < ProtoUnknownError
include SMTPError include SMTPError
end end
#
# Class providing SMTP client functionality.
#
# See documentation for the file smtp.rb for examples of usage.
#
class SMTP class SMTP
Revision = %q$Revision$.split[1] Revision = %q$Revision$.split[1]
# The default SMTP port, port 25.
def SMTP.default_port def SMTP.default_port
25 25
end end
# Creates a new Net::SMTP object. +address+ is the hostname
# or ip address of your SMTP server. +port+ is the port to
# connect to; it defaults to port 25.
# This method does not open the TCP connection.
def initialize( address, port = nil ) def initialize( address, port = nil )
@address = address @address = address
@port = (port || SMTP.default_port) @port = (port || SMTP.default_port)
@ -368,31 +185,62 @@ module Net
@debug_output = nil @debug_output = nil
end end
# Provide human-readable stringification of class state.
def inspect def inspect
"#<#{self.class} #{@address}:#{@port} started=#{@started}>" "#<#{self.class} #{@address}:#{@port} started=#{@started}>"
end end
# +true+ if the SMTP object uses ESMTP (which it does by default).
def esmtp? def esmtp?
@esmtp @esmtp
end end
# Set whether to use ESMTP or not. This should be done before
# calling #start. Note that if #start is called in ESMTP mode,
# and the connection fails due to a ProtocolError, the SMTP
# object will automatically switch to plain SMTP mode and
# retry (but not vice versa).
def esmtp=( bool ) def esmtp=( bool )
@esmtp = bool @esmtp = bool
end end
alias esmtp esmtp? alias esmtp esmtp?
# The address of the SMTP server to connect to.
attr_reader :address attr_reader :address
# The port number of the SMTP server to connect to.
attr_reader :port attr_reader :port
# Seconds to wait while attempting to open a connection.
# If the connection cannot be opened within this time, a
# TimeoutError is raised.
attr_accessor :open_timeout attr_accessor :open_timeout
# Seconds to wait while reading one block (by one read(2) call).
# If the read(2) call does not complete within this time, a
# TimeoutError is raised.
attr_reader :read_timeout attr_reader :read_timeout
# Set the number of seconds to wait until timing-out a read(2)
# call.
def read_timeout=( sec ) def read_timeout=( sec )
@socket.read_timeout = sec if @socket @socket.read_timeout = sec if @socket
@read_timeout = sec @read_timeout = sec
end end
# WARNING: This method causes serious security holes.
# Use this method for only debugging.
#
# Set an output stream for debug logging.
# You must call this before #start.
#
# # example
# smtp = Net::SMTP.new(addr, port)
# smtp.set_debug_output $stderr
# smtp.start {
# ....
# }
def set_debug_output( arg ) def set_debug_output( arg )
@debug_output = arg @debug_output = arg
end end
@ -401,19 +249,83 @@ module Net
# SMTP session control # SMTP session control
# #
# Creates a new Net::SMTP object and connects to the server.
#
# This method is equivalent to:
#
# Net::SMTP.new(address,port).start(helo_domain,account,password,authtype)
#
# # example
# Net::SMTP.start('your.smtp.server') {
# smtp.send_message msgstr, 'from@example.com', ['dest@example.com']
# }
#
# If called with a block, the newly-opened Net::SMTP object is yielded
# to the block, and automatically closed when the block finishes. If called
# without a block, the newly-opened Net::SMTP object is returned to
# the caller, and it is the caller's responsibility to close it when
# finished.
#
# +address+ is the hostname or ip address of your smtp server.
# +port+ is the port to connect to; it defaults to port 25.
# +helo+ is the _HELO_ _domain_ provided by the client to the
# server (see overview comments); it defaults to 'localhost.localdomain'.
# The remaining arguments are used for SMTP authentication, if required
# or desired. +user+ is the account name; +secret+ is your password
# or other authentication token; and +authtype+ is the authentication
# type, one of :plain, :login, or :cram_md5. See the discussion of
# SMTP Authentication in the overview notes.
#
# This method may raise:
#
# * Net::SMTPAuthenticationError
# * Net::SMTPServerBusy
# * Net::SMTPSyntaxError
# * Net::SMTPFatalError
# * Net::SMTPUnknownError
# * IOError
# * TimeoutError
def SMTP.start( address, port = nil, def SMTP.start( address, port = nil,
helo = 'localhost.localdomain', helo = 'localhost.localdomain',
user = nil, secret = nil, authtype = nil, user = nil, secret = nil, authtype = nil,
&block) &block) # :yield: smtp
new(address, port).start(helo, user, secret, authtype, &block) new(address, port).start(helo, user, secret, authtype, &block)
end end
# +true+ if the SMTP session has been started.
def started? def started?
@started @started
end end
# Opens a TCP connection and starts the SMTP session.
#
# +helo+ is the _HELO_ _domain_ that you'll dispatch mails from; see
# the discussion in the overview notes.
#
# When this methods is called with a block, the newly-started SMTP
# object is yielded to the block, and automatically closed after
# the block call finishes. Otherwise, it is the caller's
# responsibility to close the session when finished.
#
# If both of +user+ and +secret+ are given, SMTP authentication
# will be attempted using the AUTH command. +authtype+ specifies
# the type of authentication to attempt; it must be one of
# :login, :plain, and :cram_md5. See the notes on SMTP Authentication
# in the overview.
#
# If session has already been started, an IOError will be raised.
#
# This method may raise:
#
# * Net::SMTPAuthenticationError
# * Net::SMTPServerBusy
# * Net::SMTPSyntaxError
# * Net::SMTPFatalError
# * Net::SMTPUnknownError
# * IOError
# * TimeoutError
def start( helo = 'localhost.localdomain', def start( helo = 'localhost.localdomain',
user = nil, secret = nil, authtype = nil ) user = nil, secret = nil, authtype = nil ) # :yield: smtp
if block_given? if block_given?
begin begin
do_start(helo, user, secret, authtype) do_start(helo, user, secret, authtype)
@ -453,6 +365,9 @@ module Net
end end
private :do_start private :do_start
# Finish (close) the SMTP session.
#
# If the SMTP session has not been started, an IOError is raised.
def finish def finish
raise IOError, 'closing already closed SMTP session' unless @started raise IOError, 'closing already closed SMTP session' unless @started
quit if @socket and not @socket.closed? and not @error_occured quit if @socket and not @socket.closed? and not @error_occured
@ -468,6 +383,30 @@ module Net
public public
# Sends +msgstr+ as a message. Single CR ("\r") and LF ("\n") found
# in the +msgstr+, are converted into the CR LF pair. You cannot send a
# binary message with this method. +msgstr+ should include both
# the message headers and body.
#
# +from_addr+ is a String representing the source mail address.
# +to_addr+ is a String or Strings or Array of Strings, representing
# the destination mail address or addresses.
#
# # example
# Net::SMTP.start('smtp.example.com') {|smtp|
# smtp.send_message msgstr,
# 'from@example.com',
# ['dest@example.com', 'dest2@example.com']
# }
#
# This method may raise:
#
# * Net::SMTPServerBusy
# * Net::SMTPSyntaxError
# * Net::SMTPFatalError
# * Net::SMTPUnknownError
# * IOError
# * TimeoutError
def send_message( msgstr, from_addr, *to_addrs ) def send_message( msgstr, from_addr, *to_addrs )
send0(from_addr, to_addrs.flatten) { send0(from_addr, to_addrs.flatten) {
@socket.write_message msgstr @socket.write_message msgstr
@ -477,7 +416,43 @@ module Net
alias send_mail send_message alias send_mail send_message
alias sendmail send_message # obsolete alias sendmail send_message # obsolete
def open_message_stream( from_addr, *to_addrs, &block ) # Opens a message writer stream and gives it to the block.
# The stream is valid only in the block, and has these methods:
#
# puts(str = ''):: outputs STR and CR LF.
# print(str):: outputs STR.
# printf(fmt, *args):: outputs sprintf(fmt,*args).
# write(str):: outputs STR and returns the length of written bytes.
# <<(str):: outputs STR and returns self.
#
# If a single CR ("\r") or LF ("\n") is found in the message,
# it is converted to the CR LF pair. You cannot send a binary
# message with this method.
#
# +from_addr+ is a String representing the source mail address.
# +to_addr+ is a String or Strings or Array of Strings, representing
# the destination mail address or addresses.
#
# # example
# Net::SMTP.start('smtp.example.com', 25) {|smtp|
# smtp.open_message_stream('from@example.com', ['dest@example.com']) {|f|
# f.puts 'From: from@example.com'
# f.puts 'To: dest@example.com'
# f.puts 'Subject: test message'
# f.puts
# f.puts 'This is a test message.'
# }
# }
#
# This method may raise:
#
# * Net::SMTPServerBusy
# * Net::SMTPSyntaxError
# * Net::SMTPFatalError
# * Net::SMTPUnknownError
# * IOError
# * TimeoutError
def open_message_stream( from_addr, *to_addrs, &block ) # :yield: stream
send0(from_addr, to_addrs.flatten) { send0(from_addr, to_addrs.flatten) {
@socket.write_message_by_block(&block) @socket.write_message_by_block(&block)
} }
@ -651,3 +626,4 @@ module Net
SMTPSession = SMTP SMTPSession = SMTP
end # module Net end # module Net