Q_APPLICATION_STATIC: add missing std::launder()

Unlike Q_GLOBAL_STATIC, a Q_APPLICATION_STATIC can be destroyed and
re-created multiple times (if QCoreApplication is, too). This means
we're basically in the std::optional case and require std::launder()
to avoid UB when the payload type has either of the following:

- a const member
- a reference member
- a vtable and different derived classes might be occupying the same
  space at different times

While we can probably exclude the latter, because we always construct
the same type, PlainType, in the storage, the first two can easily
happen.

Fix by adding the missing std::launder().

As a drive-by, remove the uneeded casting (and now launder()ing) of
&storage when passing to innerFunction(), which anyway takes its
argument as void*.

Amends 81a31beeb25eaf14d5c5f42fe26aa49d6ef29bf8, which changed
Q_APPLICATION_STATIC to use inline aligned_union storage instead of
the original implementation's unique_ptr.

Change-Id: I065bd33812a40195109bf11d5bc79975f2f87cd5
Reviewed-by: Fabian Kosmale <fabian.kosmale@qt.io>
Reviewed-by: Thiago Macieira <thiago.macieira@intel.com>
(cherry picked from commit c53fdcb5ee15c309ba68717fa6564dc1ff4b8618)
Reviewed-by: Qt Cherry-pick Bot <cherrypick_bot@qt-project.org>

src/corelib/kernel/qapplicationstatic.h

@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@
 #include <QtCore/qcoreapplication.h>
 #include <QtCore/qglobalstatic.h>
 
+#include <new>
+
 QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
 
 namespace QtGlobalStatic {
@@ -36,7 +38,7 @@ template <typename QAS> struct ApplicationHolder
 
     static PlainType *realPointer()
     {
-        return reinterpret_cast<PlainType *>(&storage);
+        return std::launder(reinterpret_cast<PlainType *>(&storage));
     }
 
     // called from QGlobalStatic::instance()
@@ -46,7 +48,7 @@ template <typename QAS> struct ApplicationHolder
             return realPointer();
         QMutexLocker locker(&mutex);
         if (guard.loadRelaxed() == QtGlobalStatic::Uninitialized) {
-            QAS::innerFunction(realPointer());
+            QAS::innerFunction(&storage);
             QObject::connect(QCoreApplication::instance(), &QObject::destroyed, reset);
             guard.storeRelaxed(QtGlobalStatic::Initialized);
         }