Q(Basic)Mutex: add try_lock{,_for,_until} for STL compatibility

Now QBasicMutex is Lockable and QMutex is TimedLockable, which means they can
be used in std::lock_guard, std::unique_lock, std::lock, etc.

[ChangeLog][QtCore][QMutex] QMutex now fully models the TimedLockable
concept by providing the try_lock, try_lock_for and try_lock_until
functions, therefore making it usable in Standard Library lock
management classes and functions.

Change-Id: I7c691481a5781a696701e1ab78186b5cefbd6a87
Reviewed-by: Olivier Goffart (Woboq GmbH) <ogoffart@woboq.com>

src/corelib/thread/qmutex.cpp

@@ -264,6 +264,61 @@ bool QMutex::tryLock(int timeout) QT_MUTEX_LOCK_NOEXCEPT
         return lockInternal(timeout);
 }
 
+/*! \fn bool QMutex::try_lock()
+    \since 5.8
+
+    This function is provided for compatibility with the Standard Library
+    concept \c Lockable. It is equivalent to tryLock().
+*/
+
+/*! \fn bool QMutex::try_lock_for(std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> duration)
+    \since 5.8
+
+    Attempts to lock the mutex. This function returns \c true if the lock
+    was obtained; otherwise it returns \c false. If another thread has
+    locked the mutex, this function will wait for at most \a duration
+    for the mutex to become available.
+
+    Note: Passing a negative duration as the \a duration is equivalent to
+    calling try_lock(). This behavior is different from tryLock.
+
+    If the lock was obtained, the mutex must be unlocked with unlock()
+    before another thread can successfully lock it.
+
+    Calling this function multiple times on the same mutex from the
+    same thread is allowed if this mutex is a
+    \l{QMutex::Recursive}{recursive mutex}. If this mutex is a
+    \l{QMutex::NonRecursive}{non-recursive mutex}, this function will
+    \e always return false when attempting to lock the mutex
+    recursively.
+
+    \sa lock(), unlock()
+*/
+
+/*! \fn bool QMutex::try_lock_until(std::chrono::time_point<Clock, Duration> timePoint)
+    \since 5.8
+
+    Attempts to lock the mutex. This function returns \c true if the lock
+    was obtained; otherwise it returns \c false. If another thread has
+    locked the mutex, this function will wait at most until \a timePoint
+    for the mutex to become available.
+
+    Note: Passing a \a timePoint which has already passed is equivalent
+    to calling try_lock. This behavior is different from tryLock.
+
+    If the lock was obtained, the mutex must be unlocked with unlock()
+    before another thread can successfully lock it.
+
+    Calling this function multiple times on the same mutex from the
+    same thread is allowed if this mutex is a
+    \l{QMutex::Recursive}{recursive mutex}. If this mutex is a
+    \l{QMutex::NonRecursive}{non-recursive mutex}, this function will
+    \e always return false when attempting to lock the mutex
+    recursively.
+
+    \sa lock(), unlock()
+*/
+
 /*! \fn void QMutex::unlock()
     Unlocks the mutex. Attempting to unlock a mutex in a different
     thread to the one that locked it results in an error. Unlocking a

src/corelib/thread/qmutex.h

@@ -44,6 +44,10 @@
 #include <QtCore/qatomic.h>
 #include <new>
 
+#if QT_HAS_INCLUDE(<chrono>)
+#  include <chrono>
+#endif
+
 QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
 
 
@@ -60,11 +64,13 @@ class QMutexData;
 class Q_CORE_EXPORT QBasicMutex
 {
 public:
+    // BasicLockable concept
     inline void lock() QT_MUTEX_LOCK_NOEXCEPT {
         if (!fastTryLock())
             lockInternal();
     }
 
+    // BasicLockable concept
     inline void unlock() Q_DECL_NOTHROW {
         Q_ASSERT(d_ptr.load()); //mutex must be locked
         if (!fastTryUnlock())
@@ -75,6 +81,9 @@ public:
         return fastTryLock();
     }
 
+    // Lockable concept
+    bool try_lock() Q_DECL_NOTHROW { return tryLock(); }
+
     bool isRecursive() Q_DECL_NOTHROW; //### Qt6: remove me
     bool isRecursive() const Q_DECL_NOTHROW;
 
@@ -112,10 +121,41 @@ public:
     explicit QMutex(RecursionMode mode = NonRecursive);
     ~QMutex();
 
+    // BasicLockable concept
     void lock() QT_MUTEX_LOCK_NOEXCEPT;
     bool tryLock(int timeout = 0) QT_MUTEX_LOCK_NOEXCEPT;
+    // BasicLockable concept
     void unlock() Q_DECL_NOTHROW;
 
+    // Lockable concept
+    bool try_lock() QT_MUTEX_LOCK_NOEXCEPT { return tryLock(); }
+
+#if QT_HAS_INCLUDE(<chrono>)
+    // TimedLockable concept
+    template <class Rep, class Period>
+    bool try_lock_for(std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> duration)
+    {
+        // § 30.4.1.3.5 [thread.timedmutex.requirements] specifies that a
+        // duration less than or equal to duration.zero() shall result in a
+        // try_lock, unlike QMutex's tryLock with a negative duration which
+        // results in a lock.
+
+        if (duration <= duration.zero())
+            return tryLock(0);
+        return tryLock(std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(duration).count());
+    }
+
+    // TimedLockable concept
+    template<class Clock, class Duration>
+    bool try_lock_until(std::chrono::time_point<Clock, Duration> timePoint)
+    {
+        // Implemented in terms of try_lock_for to honor the similar
+        // requirement in § 30.4.1.3.12 [thread.timedmutex.requirements]
+
+        return try_lock_for(timePoint - Clock::now());
+    }
+#endif
+
     bool isRecursive() const Q_DECL_NOTHROW
     { return QBasicMutex::isRecursive(); }
 
@@ -189,9 +229,26 @@ public:
 
     inline void lock() Q_DECL_NOTHROW {}
     inline bool tryLock(int timeout = 0) Q_DECL_NOTHROW { Q_UNUSED(timeout); return true; }
+    inline bool try_lock() Q_DECL_NOTHROW { return true; }
     inline void unlock() Q_DECL_NOTHROW {}
     inline bool isRecursive() const Q_DECL_NOTHROW { return true; }
 
+#if QT_HAS_INCLUDE(<chrono>) || defined(Q_QDOC)
+    template <class Rep, class Period>
+    inline bool try_lock_for(std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period> duration) Q_DECL_NOTHROW
+    {
+        Q_UNUSED(duration);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    template<class Clock, class Duration>
+    inline bool try_lock_until(std::chrono::time_point<Clock, Duration> timePoint) Q_DECL_NOTHROW
+    {
+        Q_UNUSED(timePoint);
+        return true;
+    }
+#endif
+
 private:
     Q_DISABLE_COPY(QMutex)
 };