1berry/MariaDB-server
1
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Packages Projects Releases Wiki Activity

Howard's grammar fixes

Browse Source 
BitKeeper/etc/logging_ok:
  Logging to logging@openlogging.org accepted
This commit is contained in:
unknown 2000-11-22 10:41:40 -05:00
parent 681aeb58e6
commit 46281c6799
2 changed files with 147 additions and 145 deletions
Show Stats Download Patch File Download Diff File Expand all files Collapse all files

1
BitKeeper/etc/logging_ok
View File

@ -12,3 +12,4 @@ serg@serg.mysql.com
tim@threads.polyesthetic.msg tim@threads.polyesthetic.msg
tim@work.mysql.com tim@work.mysql.com
yfaktoro@nslinuxw2.bedford.progress.com yfaktoro@nslinuxw2.bedford.progress.com
yfaktoro@nbyfaktoro.bedford.progress.com

291
Docs/manual.texi
View File

@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
@c We want the types in the same index @c We want the types in the same index
@syncodeindex tp fn @syncodeindex tp fn
@c Get version info. This file is generated by the Makefile!! @c Get version information. This file is generated by the Makefile!!
@include include.texi @include include.texi
@ifclear tex-debug @ifclear tex-debug
@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ Installing a MySQL Source Distribution
Perl Installation Comments Perl Installation Comments
* Perl installation:: Installing Perl on UNIX * Perl installation:: Installing Perl on Unix
* ActiveState Perl:: Installing ActiveState Perl on Windows * ActiveState Perl:: Installing ActiveState Perl on Windows
* Windows Perl:: Installing the @strong{MySQL} Perl distribution on Windows * Windows Perl:: Installing the @strong{MySQL} Perl distribution on Windows
* Perl support problems:: Problems using the Perl @code{DBI}/@code{DBD} interface * Perl support problems:: Problems using the Perl @code{DBI}/@code{DBD} interface
@ -1451,7 +1451,7 @@ and PHP's @strong{MySQL}-related functions
This book teaches you how to use @strong{MySQL} and @code{mSQL}, two popular This book teaches you how to use @strong{MySQL} and @code{mSQL}, two popular
and robust database products that support key subsets of SQL on both Linux and robust database products that support key subsets of SQL on both Linux
and UNIX systems. Anyone who knows basic C, Java, Perl, or Python can and Unix systems. Anyone who knows basic C, Java, Perl, or Python can
write a program to interact with a database, either as a stand-alone write a program to interact with a database, either as a stand-alone
application or through a Web page. This book takes you through the application or through a Web page. This book takes you through the
whole process, from installation and configuration to programming whole process, from installation and configuration to programming
@ -1674,7 +1674,7 @@ languages. @xref{Languages}.
@item @item
Clients may connect to the @strong{MySQL} server using TCP/IP Sockets, Clients may connect to the @strong{MySQL} server using TCP/IP Sockets,
UNIX Sockets (Unixes), or Named Pipes (NT). Unix Sockets (Unixes), or Named Pipes (NT).
@item @item
The @strong{MySQL}-specific @code{SHOW} command can be used to retrieve The @strong{MySQL}-specific @code{SHOW} command can be used to retrieve
@ -1852,7 +1852,7 @@ always a new release.
@itemize @bullet @itemize @bullet
@item @item
@strong{MySQL} uses UNIX time functions and has no problems with dates @strong{MySQL} uses Unix time functions and has no problems with dates
until @code{2069}; all 2-digit years are regarded to be in the range until @code{2069}; all 2-digit years are regarded to be in the range
@code{1970} to @code{2069}, which means that if you store @code{01} in a @code{1970} to @code{2069}, which means that if you store @code{01} in a
@code{year} column, @strong{MySQL} treats it as @code{2001}. @code{year} column, @strong{MySQL} treats it as @code{2001}.
@ -2496,7 +2496,7 @@ Homepage of the webdb-l (Web Databases) mailing list.
Perl @code{DBI}/@code{DBD} modules homepage. Perl @code{DBI}/@code{DBD} modules homepage.
@item @uref{http://www.student.uni-koeln.de/cygwin/}@* @item @uref{http://www.student.uni-koeln.de/cygwin/}@*
Cygwin tools. UNIX on top of Windows. Cygwin tools. Unix on top of Windows.
@item @uref{http://dbasecentral.com/}@* @item @uref{http://dbasecentral.com/}@*
dbasecentral.com; Development and distribution of powerful and easy-to-use dbasecentral.com; Development and distribution of powerful and easy-to-use
@ -2811,7 +2811,7 @@ The manufacturer and model of the machine you are working on.
@item @item
The operating system name and version. For most operating systems, you can The operating system name and version. For most operating systems, you can
get this information by executing the UNIX command @code{uname -a}. get this information by executing the Unix command @code{uname -a}.
@item @item
Sometimes the amount of memory (real and virtual) is relevant. Sometimes the amount of memory (real and virtual) is relevant.
@ -3278,7 +3278,7 @@ it is patched correctly.
@node Web server, , ISP, Licensing examples @node Web server, , ISP, Licensing examples
@subsection Running a Web Server Using @strong{MySQL} @subsection Running a Web Server Using @strong{MySQL}
If you use @strong{MySQL} in conjunction with a Web server on UNIX, you If you use @strong{MySQL} in conjunction with a Web server on Unix, you
don't have to pay for a license. don't have to pay for a license.
This is true even if you run a commercial Web server that uses This is true even if you run a commercial Web server that uses
@ -4456,7 +4456,7 @@ BSDI 2.x with the included MIT-pthreads package. @xref{BSDI}.
@item @item
BSDI 3.0, 3.1 and 4.x with native threads. @xref{BSDI}. BSDI 3.0, 3.1 and 4.x with native threads. @xref{BSDI}.
@item @item
DEC UNIX 4.x with native threads. @xref{Alpha-DEC-UNIX}. DEC Unix 4.x with native threads. @xref{Alpha-DEC-UNIX}.
@item @item
FreeBSD 2.x with the included MIT-pthreads package. @xref{FreeBSD}. FreeBSD 2.x with the included MIT-pthreads package. @xref{FreeBSD}.
@item @item
@ -4487,7 +4487,7 @@ SCO OpenServer with a recent port of the FSU Pthreads package. @xref{SCO}.
@item @item
SCO UnixWare 7.0.1. @xref{SCO Unixware}. SCO UnixWare 7.0.1. @xref{SCO Unixware}.
@item @item
Tru64 UNIX Tru64 Unix
@item @item
Win95, Win98, NT, and Win2000. @xref{Windows}. Win95, Win98, NT, and Win2000. @xref{Windows}.
@end itemize @end itemize
@ -5562,7 +5562,7 @@ prefix, but overrides the default location for database directories
@code{/usr/local/mysql/data}. @code{/usr/local/mysql/data}.
@item @item
If you are using UNIX and you want the @strong{MySQL} socket located somewhere If you are using Unix and you want the @strong{MySQL} socket located somewhere
other than the default location (normally in the directory @file{/tmp} or other than the default location (normally in the directory @file{/tmp} or
@file{/var/run}) use a @code{configure} command like this: @file{/var/run}) use a @code{configure} command like this:
@example @example
@ -5940,7 +5940,7 @@ operating system. (Note that you will have to do this each time you run
The @file{sql_yacc.cc} file is generated from @file{sql_yacc.yy}. Normally The @file{sql_yacc.cc} file is generated from @file{sql_yacc.yy}. Normally
the build process doesn't need to create @file{sql_yacc.cc}, because the build process doesn't need to create @file{sql_yacc.cc}, because
@strong{MySQL} comes with an already-generated copy. However, if you do need @strong{MySQL} comes with an already-generated copy. However, if you do need
to recreate it, you might encounter this error: to re-create it, you might encounter this error:
@example @example
"sql_yacc.yy", line xxx fatal: default action causes potential... "sql_yacc.yy", line xxx fatal: default action causes potential...
@ -5989,8 +5989,8 @@ The checks that determine whether or not to use MIT-pthreads occur only
during the part of the configuration process that deals with the server during the part of the configuration process that deals with the server
code. If you have configured the distribution using @code{--without-server} code. If you have configured the distribution using @code{--without-server}
to build only the client code, clients will not know whether or not to build only the client code, clients will not know whether or not
MIT-pthreads is being used and will use UNIX socket connections by default. MIT-pthreads is being used and will use Unix socket connections by default.
Because UNIX sockets do not work under MIT-pthreads, this means you will need Because Unix sockets do not work under MIT-pthreads, this means you will need
to use @code{-h} or @code{--host} when you run client programs. to use @code{-h} or @code{--host} when you run client programs.
@item @item
@ -6060,7 +6060,7 @@ needed, but may be interesting for someone.)
@end menu @end menu
@node Perl installation, ActiveState Perl, Perl support, Perl support @node Perl installation, ActiveState Perl, Perl support, Perl support
@subsection Installing Perl on UNIX @subsection Installing Perl on Unix
Perl support for @strong{MySQL} is provided by means of the Perl support for @strong{MySQL} is provided by means of the
@code{DBI}/@code{DBD} client interface. @xref{Perl}. The Perl @code{DBI}/@code{DBD} client interface. @xref{Perl}. The Perl
@ -7011,10 +7011,10 @@ and @strong{mysqld} should be ready to run.
@node Alpha-DEC-UNIX, Alpha-DEC-OSF1, Linux, Source install system issues @node Alpha-DEC-UNIX, Alpha-DEC-OSF1, Linux, Source install system issues
@subsection Alpha-DEC-UNIX Notes (Tru64) @subsection Alpha-DEC-UNIX Notes (Tru64)
If you are using egcs 1.1.2 on Digital UNIX, you should upgrade to gcc If you are using egcs 1.1.2 on Digital Unix, you should upgrade to gcc
2.95.2, as egcs on DEC has some serious bugs! 2.95.2, as egcs on DEC has some serious bugs!
When compiling threaded programs under Digital UNIX, the documentation When compiling threaded programs under Digital Unix, the documentation
recommends using the @code{-pthread} option for @code{cc} and @code{cxx} and recommends using the @code{-pthread} option for @code{cc} and @code{cxx} and
the libraries @code{-lmach -lexc} (in addition to @code{-lpthread}). You the libraries @code{-lmach -lexc} (in addition to @code{-lpthread}). You
should run @code{configure} something like this: should run @code{configure} something like this:
@ -7112,7 +7112,7 @@ Note that the following problems with the @code{ld} program can be fixed
by downloading the latest DEC (Compaq) patch kit from: by downloading the latest DEC (Compaq) patch kit from:
@uref{http://ftp.support.compaq.com/public/unix/}. @uref{http://ftp.support.compaq.com/public/unix/}.
On OSF1 V4.0D and compiler "DEC C V5.6-071 on Digital UNIX V4.0 (Rev. 878)" On OSF1 V4.0D and compiler "DEC C V5.6-071 on Digital Unix V4.0 (Rev. 878)"
the compiler had some strange behavior (undefined @code{asm} symbols). the compiler had some strange behavior (undefined @code{asm} symbols).
@code{/bin/ld} also appears to be broken (problems with @code{_exit @code{/bin/ld} also appears to be broken (problems with @code{_exit
undefined} errors occuring while linking @code{mysqld}). On this system, we undefined} errors occuring while linking @code{mysqld}). On this system, we
@ -7437,7 +7437,7 @@ shell> cp -p /usr/include/pthread/stdtypes.h /usr/local/lib/gcc-lib/i386-pc-sco3
@end example @end example
@item @item
You need the port of GCC 2.5.x for this product and the Development You need the port of GCC 2.5.x for this product and the Development
system. They are required on this version of SCO UNIX. You cannot system. They are required on this version of SCO Unix. You cannot
just use the GCC Dev system. just use the GCC Dev system.
@item @item
You should get the FSU Pthreads package and install it first. This can be You should get the FSU Pthreads package and install it first. This can be
@ -7446,11 +7446,11 @@ found at
You can also get a precompiled package from You can also get a precompiled package from
@uref{http://www.mysql.com/Downloads/SCO/FSU-threads-3.5c.tar.gz}. @uref{http://www.mysql.com/Downloads/SCO/FSU-threads-3.5c.tar.gz}.
@item @item
FSU Pthreads can be compiled with SCO UNIX 4.2 with tcpip. Or FSU Pthreads can be compiled with SCO Unix 4.2 with tcpip. Or
OpenServer 3.0 or Open Desktop 3.0 (OS 3.0 ODT 3.0), with the SCO OpenServer 3.0 or Open Desktop 3.0 (OS 3.0 ODT 3.0), with the SCO
Development System installed using a good port of GCC 2.5.x ODT or OS Development System installed using a good port of GCC 2.5.x ODT or OS
3.0 you will need a good port of GCC 2.5.x There are a lot of problems 3.0 you will need a good port of GCC 2.5.x There are a lot of problems
without a good port. The port for this product requires the SCO UNIX without a good port. The port for this product requires the SCO Unix
Development system. Without it, you are missing the libraries and the Development system. Without it, you are missing the libraries and the
linker that is needed. linker that is needed.
@item @item
@ -8146,13 +8146,13 @@ you should also compile your code to be multi-threaded!
We will shortly do a full test on the new BDB interface on Windows. We will shortly do a full test on the new BDB interface on Windows.
When this is done we will start to release binary distributions (for When this is done we will start to release binary distributions (for
Windows and UNIX) of @strong{MySQL} that will include support for BDB Windows and Unix) of @strong{MySQL} that will include support for BDB
tables. tables.
@cindex Windows, versus UNIX @cindex Windows, versus Unix
@cindex operating systems, Windows versus UNIX @cindex operating systems, Windows versus Unix
@node Windows vs Unix, , Windows and BDB tables., Windows @node Windows vs Unix, , Windows and BDB tables., Windows
@subsection MySQL-Windows Compared to UNIX MySQL @subsection MySQL-Windows Compared to Unix MySQL
@strong{MySQL}-Windows has by now proven itself to be very stable. This version @strong{MySQL}-Windows has by now proven itself to be very stable. This version
of @strong{MySQL} has the same features as the corresponding Unix version of @strong{MySQL} has the same features as the corresponding Unix version
@ -8182,7 +8182,7 @@ This means that:
@itemize @bullet @itemize @bullet
@item @item
A connection will not be disconnected automatically after 8 hours, as happens A connection will not be disconnected automatically after 8 hours, as happens
with the UNIX version of @strong{MySQL}. with the Unix version of @strong{MySQL}.
@item @item
If a connection hangs, it's impossible to break it without killing If a connection hangs, it's impossible to break it without killing
@ -8225,7 +8225,7 @@ SELECT * FROM my_table WHERE MY_TABLE.col=1;
Pathname components in Win95 are separated by the @samp{\} character, which is Pathname components in Win95 are separated by the @samp{\} character, which is
also the escape character in @strong{MySQL}. If you are using @code{LOAD also the escape character in @strong{MySQL}. If you are using @code{LOAD
DATA INFILE} or @code{SELECT ... INTO OUTFILE}, you must double the @samp{\} DATA INFILE} or @code{SELECT ... INTO OUTFILE}, you must double the @samp{\}
character or use UNIX style filenames @samp{/} characters: character or use Unix style filenames @samp{/} characters:
@example @example
LOAD DATA INFILE "C:\\tmp\\skr.txt" INTO TABLE skr; LOAD DATA INFILE "C:\\tmp\\skr.txt" INTO TABLE skr;
SELECT * INTO OUTFILE 'C:/tmp/skr.txt' FROM skr; SELECT * INTO OUTFILE 'C:/tmp/skr.txt' FROM skr;
@ -8383,7 +8383,7 @@ exceed 8 characters. Modules are stored in the @file{/mysql2/udf}
directory; the @code{safe-mysqld.cmd} script will put this directory in directory; the @code{safe-mysqld.cmd} script will put this directory in
the @code{BEGINLIBPATH} environment variable. When using UDF modules, the @code{BEGINLIBPATH} environment variable. When using UDF modules,
specified extensions are ignored --- it is assumed to be @file{.udf}. specified extensions are ignored --- it is assumed to be @file{.udf}.
For example, in UNIX, the shared module might be named @file{example.so} For example, in Unix, the shared module might be named @file{example.so}
and you would load a function from it like this: and you would load a function from it like this:
@example @example
@ -8583,9 +8583,9 @@ connect to the grant tables as the @strong{MySQL} @code{root} user and issue
SQL statements to modify the grant tables directly. SQL statements to modify the grant tables directly.
@item @item
It is possible to recreate the grant tables completely after they have It is possible to re-create the grant tables completely after they have
already been created. You might want to do this if you've already installed already been created. You might want to do this if you've already installed
the tables but then want to recreate them after editing the tables but then want to re-create them after editing
@code{mysql_install_db}. @code{mysql_install_db}.
@end itemize @end itemize
@ -8620,7 +8620,7 @@ TCX Datakonsult AB, by Monty
Server version 3.22.9-beta Server version 3.22.9-beta
Protocol version 10 Protocol version 10
Connection Localhost via UNIX socket Connection Localhost via Unix socket
TCP port 3306 TCP port 3306
UNIX socket /tmp/mysql.sock UNIX socket /tmp/mysql.sock
Uptime: 16 sec Uptime: 16 sec
@ -8729,7 +8729,7 @@ The purpose of the @code{mysql_install_db} script is to generate new
It will also not do anything if you already have MySQL privilege It will also not do anything if you already have MySQL privilege
tables installed! tables installed!
If you want to recreate your privilege tables, you should take down If you want to re-create your privilege tables, you should take down
the mysqld server, if its running, and then do something like: the mysqld server, if its running, and then do something like:
@example @example
@ -9244,7 +9244,7 @@ tables must be IP numbers or @code{localhost}.
@item --skip-networking @item --skip-networking
Don't listen for TCP/IP connections at all. Don't listen for TCP/IP connections at all.
All interaction with @code{mysqld} must be made via UNIX sockets. All interaction with @code{mysqld} must be made via Unix sockets.
This option is highly recommended for systems where only local requests This option is highly recommended for systems where only local requests
are allowed. However, this option is unsuitable for systems that use are allowed. However, this option is unsuitable for systems that use
MIT-pthreads, because the MIT-pthreads package doesn't support Unix MIT-pthreads, because the MIT-pthreads package doesn't support Unix
@ -9293,7 +9293,7 @@ Output version information and exit.
@strong{MySQL} Version 3.22 can read default startup options for the server and @strong{MySQL} Version 3.22 can read default startup options for the server and
for clients from option files. for clients from option files.
@strong{MySQL} reads default options from the following files on UNIX: @strong{MySQL} reads default options from the following files on Unix:
@tindex .my.cnf file @tindex .my.cnf file
@multitable @columnfractions .3 .7 @multitable @columnfractions .3 .7
@ -9844,7 +9844,7 @@ This has a few implications:
@item @item
Database names and table names are case sensitive in @strong{MySQL} on Database names and table names are case sensitive in @strong{MySQL} on
operating systems that have case-sensitive filenames (like most UNIX operating systems that have case-sensitive filenames (like most Unix
systems). If you have a problem remembering table names, adopt a consistent systems). If you have a problem remembering table names, adopt a consistent
convention, such as always creating databases and tables using lowercase convention, such as always creating databases and tables using lowercase
names. names.
@ -10183,7 +10183,7 @@ for data integrity, ``atomic operations.'' It is our thinking and
experience that atomic operations offer equal or even better integrity experience that atomic operations offer equal or even better integrity
with much better performance. We, nonetheless, appreciate and understand with much better performance. We, nonetheless, appreciate and understand
the transactional database paradigm and plan, within the next few releases, the transactional database paradigm and plan, within the next few releases,
to introduce transaction safe tables on a per table basis. We will be to introduce transaction-safe tables on a per table basis. We will be
giving our users the possibility to decide if they need the speed of giving our users the possibility to decide if they need the speed of
atomic operations or if they need to use transactional features in their atomic operations or if they need to use transactional features in their
applications. applications.
@ -10385,7 +10385,7 @@ unless you do so in a very specific order.
@item @item
It's very easy to do ``allowed'' circular definitions that make the It's very easy to do ``allowed'' circular definitions that make the
tables impossible to recreate each table with a single create statement, tables impossible to re-create each table with a single create statement,
even if the definition works and is usable. even if the definition works and is usable.
@item @item
@ -10480,14 +10480,14 @@ Entry level SQL92. ODBC levels 0-2.
@section How to Cope Without @code{COMMIT}/@code{ROLLBACK} @section How to Cope Without @code{COMMIT}/@code{ROLLBACK}
@findex COMMIT @findex COMMIT
@findex ROLLBACK @findex ROLLBACK
@cindex transaction safe tables @cindex transaction-safe tables
@cindex tables, updating @cindex tables, updating
@cindex updating, tables @cindex updating, tables
@cindex @code{BDB} tables @cindex @code{BDB} tables
The following mostly applies only for @code{ISAM}, @code{MyISAM}, and The following mostly applies only for @code{ISAM}, @code{MyISAM}, and
@code{HEAP} tables. If you only use transaction safe tables (@code{BDB} @code{HEAP} tables. If you only use transaction-safe tables (@code{BDB}
tables) in an a update, you can do @code{COMMIT} and @code{ROLLBACK} also tables) in an a update, you can do @code{COMMIT} and @code{ROLLBACK} also
with @strong{MySQL}. @xref{COMMIT}. with @strong{MySQL}. @xref{COMMIT}.
@ -10852,7 +10852,7 @@ mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
@end example @end example
@item @item
Don't run the @strong{MySQL} daemon as the UNIX @code{root} user. Don't run the @strong{MySQL} daemon as the Unix @code{root} user.
It is very dangerous as any user with @code{FILE} privileges will be able to It is very dangerous as any user with @code{FILE} privileges will be able to
create files create files
as @code{root} (for example, @code{~root/.bashrc}). To prevent this as @code{root} (for example, @code{~root/.bashrc}). To prevent this
@ -10860,24 +10860,24 @@ as @code{root} (for example, @code{~root/.bashrc}). To prevent this
directly via @code{--user=root} option. directly via @code{--user=root} option.
@code{mysqld} can be run as any user instead. You can also create a new @code{mysqld} can be run as any user instead. You can also create a new
UNIX user @code{mysql} to make everything even more secure. If you run Unix user @code{mysql} to make everything even more secure. If you run
@code{mysqld} as another UNIX user, you don't need to change the @code{mysqld} as another Unix user, you don't need to change the
@code{root} user name in the @code{user} table, because @strong{MySQL} @code{root} user name in the @code{user} table, because @strong{MySQL}
user names have nothing to do with UNIX user names. You can edit the user names have nothing to do with Unix user names. You can edit the
@code{mysql.server} script to start @code{mysqld} as another UNIX user. @code{mysql.server} script to start @code{mysqld} as another Unix user.
Normally this is done with the @code{su} command. For more details, see Normally this is done with the @code{su} command. For more details, see
@ref{Changing MySQL user, , Changing @strong{MySQL} user}. @ref{Changing MySQL user, , Changing @strong{MySQL} user}.
@item @item
If you put a password for the UNIX @code{root} user in the @code{mysql.server} If you put a password for the Unix @code{root} user in the @code{mysql.server}
script, make sure this script is readable only by @code{root}. script, make sure this script is readable only by @code{root}.
@item @item
Check that the UNIX user that @code{mysqld} runs as is the only user with Check that the Unix user that @code{mysqld} runs as is the only user with
read/write privileges in the database directories. read/write privileges in the database directories.
@item @item
On UNIX platforms, do not run @code{mysqld} as root unless you really On Unix platforms, do not run @code{mysqld} as root unless you really
need to. Consider creating a user named @code{mysql} for that purpose. need to. Consider creating a user named @code{mysql} for that purpose.
@item @item
@ -10900,7 +10900,7 @@ overwrite existing files.
@tindex /etc/passwd @tindex /etc/passwd
The @strong{file} privilege may also be used to read any file accessible The @strong{file} privilege may also be used to read any file accessible
to the UNIX user that the server runs as. This could be abused, for example, to the Unix user that the server runs as. This could be abused, for example,
by using @code{LOAD DATA} to load @file{/etc/passwd} into a table, which by using @code{LOAD DATA} to load @file{/etc/passwd} into a table, which
can then be read with @code{SELECT}. can then be read with @code{SELECT}.
@ -10937,9 +10937,9 @@ tables must be IP numbers or @code{localhost}.
@item --skip-networking @item --skip-networking
Don't allow TCP/IP connections over the network. All connections to Don't allow TCP/IP connections over the network. All connections to
@code{mysqld} must be made via UNIX sockets. This option is unsuitable for @code{mysqld} must be made via Unix sockets. This option is unsuitable for
systems that use MIT-pthreads, because the MIT-pthreads package doesn't systems that use MIT-pthreads, because the MIT-pthreads package doesn't
support UNIX sockets. support Unix sockets.
@end table @end table
@node What Privileges, User names, Security, Privilege system @node What Privileges, User names, Security, Privilege system
@ -10965,13 +10965,13 @@ DATA INFILE} and administrative operations.
There are several distinctions between the way user names and passwords are There are several distinctions between the way user names and passwords are
used by @strong{MySQL} and the way they are used by UNIX or Windows: used by @strong{MySQL} and the way they are used by Unix or Windows:
@itemize @bullet @itemize @bullet
@item @item
User names, as used by @strong{MySQL} for authentication purposes, have User names, as used by @strong{MySQL} for authentication purposes, have
nothing to do with UNIX user names (login names) or Windows user names. Most nothing to do with Unix user names (login names) or Windows user names. Most
@strong{MySQL} clients by default try to log in using the current UNIX user @strong{MySQL} clients by default try to log in using the current Unix user
name as the @strong{MySQL} user name, but that is for convenience only. name as the @strong{MySQL} user name, but that is for convenience only.
Client programs allow a different name to be specified with the @code{-u} or Client programs allow a different name to be specified with the @code{-u} or
@code{--user} options. This means that you can't make a database secure in @code{--user} options. This means that you can't make a database secure in
@ -10980,17 +10980,17 @@ attempt to connect to the server using any name, and they will succeed if
they specify any name that doesn't have a password. they specify any name that doesn't have a password.
@item @item
@strong{MySQL} user names can be up to 16 characters long; UNIX user names @strong{MySQL} user names can be up to 16 characters long; Unix user names
typically are limited to 8 characters. typically are limited to 8 characters.
@item @item
@strong{MySQL} passwords have nothing to do with UNIX passwords. There is no @strong{MySQL} passwords have nothing to do with Unix passwords. There is no
necessary connection between the password you use to log in to a UNIX machine necessary connection between the password you use to log in to a Unix machine
and the password you use to access a database on that machine. and the password you use to access a database on that machine.
@item @item
@strong{MySQL} encrypts passwords using a different algorithm than the @strong{MySQL} encrypts passwords using a different algorithm than the
one used during the UNIX login process. See the descriptions of the one used during the Unix login process. See the descriptions of the
@code{PASSWORD()} and @code{ENCRYPT()} functions in @ref{Miscellaneous @code{PASSWORD()} and @code{ENCRYPT()} functions in @ref{Miscellaneous
functions}. Note that even if the password is stored 'scrambled', and functions}. Note that even if the password is stored 'scrambled', and
knowing your 'scrambled' password is enough to be able to connect to knowing your 'scrambled' password is enough to be able to connect to
@ -11031,13 +11031,13 @@ from the command line:
The default hostname is @code{localhost}. The default hostname is @code{localhost}.
@item @item
The default user name is your UNIX login name. The default user name is your Unix login name.
@item @item
No password is supplied if @code{-p} is missing. No password is supplied if @code{-p} is missing.
@end itemize @end itemize
Thus, for a UNIX user @code{joe}, the following commands are equivalent: Thus, for a Unix user @code{joe}, the following commands are equivalent:
@example @example
shell> mysql -h localhost -u joe shell> mysql -h localhost -u joe
@ -11048,7 +11048,7 @@ shell> mysql
Other @strong{MySQL} clients behave similarly. Other @strong{MySQL} clients behave similarly.
On UNIX systems, you can specify different default values to be used when you On Unix systems, you can specify different default values to be used when you
make a connection, so that you need not enter them on the command line each make a connection, so that you need not enter them on the command line each
time you invoke a client program. This can be done in a couple of ways: time you invoke a client program. This can be done in a couple of ways:
@ -12033,9 +12033,9 @@ add other users.
If you want the initial privileges to be different than those just described If you want the initial privileges to be different than those just described
above, you can modify @code{mysql_install_db} before you run it. above, you can modify @code{mysql_install_db} before you run it.
@cindex grant tables, recreating @cindex grant tables, re-creating
@cindex recreating, grant tables @cindex re-creating, grant tables
To recreate the grant tables completely, remove all the @file{.frm}, To re-create the grant tables completely, remove all the @file{.frm},
@file{.MYI}, and @file{.MYD} files in the directory containing the @file{.MYI}, and @file{.MYD} files in the directory containing the
@code{mysql} database. (This is the directory named @file{mysql} under @code{mysql} database. (This is the directory named @file{mysql} under
the database directory, which is listed when you run @code{mysqld the database directory, which is listed when you run @code{mysqld
@ -12301,10 +12301,10 @@ shell> mysqladmin -u jeffrey password biscuit
@end example @end example
@strong{NOTE:} @code{PASSWORD()} does not perform password encryption in the @strong{NOTE:} @code{PASSWORD()} does not perform password encryption in the
same way that UNIX passwords are encrypted. You should not assume that if same way that Unix passwords are encrypted. You should not assume that if
your UNIX password and your @strong{MySQL} password are the same, that your Unix password and your @strong{MySQL} password are the same, that
@code{PASSWORD()} will result in the same encrypted value as is stored in the @code{PASSWORD()} will result in the same encrypted value as is stored in the
UNIX password file. @xref{User names}. Unix password file. @xref{User names}.
@node Access denied, , Passwords, Privilege system @node Access denied, , Passwords, Privilege system
@section Causes of @code{Access denied} Errors @section Causes of @code{Access denied} Errors
@ -12383,7 +12383,7 @@ password} command.
default host to which clients try to connect if you specify no host default host to which clients try to connect if you specify no host
explicitly. However, connections to @code{localhost} do not work if you are explicitly. However, connections to @code{localhost} do not work if you are
running on a system that uses MIT-pthreads (@code{localhost} connections are running on a system that uses MIT-pthreads (@code{localhost} connections are
made using UNIX sockets, which are not supported by MIT-pthreads). To avoid made using Unix sockets, which are not supported by MIT-pthreads). To avoid
this problem on such systems, you should use the @code{--host} option to name this problem on such systems, you should use the @code{--host} option to name
the server host explicitly. This will make a TCP/IP connection to the the server host explicitly. This will make a TCP/IP connection to the
@code{mysqld} server. In this case, you must have your real hostname in @code{mysqld} server. In this case, you must have your real hostname in
@ -12979,7 +12979,7 @@ programs prefix table names with a @samp{.} character.
In @strong{MySQL}, databases and tables correspond to directories and files In @strong{MySQL}, databases and tables correspond to directories and files
within those directories. Consequently, the case sensitivity of the within those directories. Consequently, the case sensitivity of the
underlying operating system determines the case sensitivity of database and underlying operating system determines the case sensitivity of database and
table names. This means database and table names are case sensitive in UNIX table names. This means database and table names are case sensitive in Unix
and case insensitive in Windows. and case insensitive in Windows.
@strong{NOTE:} Although database and table names are case insensitive for @strong{NOTE:} Although database and table names are case insensitive for
@ -16718,7 +16718,7 @@ mysql> select NOW() + 0;
@findex UNIX_TIMESTAMP() @findex UNIX_TIMESTAMP()
@item UNIX_TIMESTAMP() @item UNIX_TIMESTAMP()
@itemx UNIX_TIMESTAMP(date) @itemx UNIX_TIMESTAMP(date)
If called with no argument, returns a UNIX timestamp (seconds since If called with no argument, returns a Unix timestamp (seconds since
@code{'1970-01-01 00:00:00'} GMT). If @code{UNIX_TIMESTAMP()} is called with @code{'1970-01-01 00:00:00'} GMT). If @code{UNIX_TIMESTAMP()} is called with
a @code{date} argument, it returns the value of the argument as seconds since a @code{date} argument, it returns the value of the argument as seconds since
@code{'1970-01-01 00:00:00'} GMT. @code{date} may be a @code{DATE} string, @code{'1970-01-01 00:00:00'} GMT. @code{date} may be a @code{DATE} string,
@ -16753,7 +16753,7 @@ mysql> select FROM_UNIXTIME(875996580) + 0;
@findex FROM_UNIXTIME() @findex FROM_UNIXTIME()
@item FROM_UNIXTIME(unix_timestamp,format) @item FROM_UNIXTIME(unix_timestamp,format)
Returns a string representation of the UNIX timestamp, formatted according to Returns a string representation of the Unix timestamp, formatted according to
the @code{format} string. @code{format} may contain the same specifiers as the @code{format} string. @code{format} may contain the same specifiers as
those listed in the entry for the @code{DATE_FORMAT()} function: those listed in the entry for the @code{DATE_FORMAT()} function:
@ -16842,14 +16842,14 @@ mysql> select PASSWORD('badpwd');
@code{PASSWORD()} encryption is non-reversible. @code{PASSWORD()} encryption is non-reversible.
@code{PASSWORD()} does not perform password encryption in the same way that @code{PASSWORD()} does not perform password encryption in the same way that
UNIX passwords are encrypted. You should not assume that if your UNIX Unix passwords are encrypted. You should not assume that if your Unix
password and your @strong{MySQL} password are the same, @code{PASSWORD()} password and your @strong{MySQL} password are the same, @code{PASSWORD()}
will result in the same encrypted value as is stored in the UNIX password will result in the same encrypted value as is stored in the Unix password
file. See @code{ENCRYPT()}. file. See @code{ENCRYPT()}.
@findex ENCRYPT() @findex ENCRYPT()
@item ENCRYPT(str[,salt]) @item ENCRYPT(str[,salt])
Encrypt @code{str} using the UNIX @code{crypt()} system call. The Encrypt @code{str} using the Unix @code{crypt()} system call. The
@code{salt} argument should be a string with two characters. @code{salt} argument should be a string with two characters.
(As of @strong{MySQL} Version 3.22.16, @code{salt} may be longer than two characters.): (As of @strong{MySQL} Version 3.22.16, @code{salt} may be longer than two characters.):
@ -18275,7 +18275,8 @@ operations reuse old record positions. To reclaim unused space and reduce
file sizes, use the @code{OPTIMIZE TABLE} statement or the @code{myisamchk} file sizes, use the @code{OPTIMIZE TABLE} statement or the @code{myisamchk}
utility to reorganize tables. @code{OPTIMIZE TABLE} is easier, but utility to reorganize tables. @code{OPTIMIZE TABLE} is easier, but
@code{myisamchk} is faster. @code{myisamchk} is faster.
@xref{OPTIMIZE TABLE, , @code{OPTIMIZE TABLE}}. @ref{Optimization}. @xref{OPTIMIZE TABLE, , @code{OPTIMIZE TABLE}} and
@ref{Optimization}.
The @strong{MySQL}-specific @code{LIMIT rows} option to @code{DELETE} tells The @strong{MySQL}-specific @code{LIMIT rows} option to @code{DELETE} tells
the server the maximum number of rows to be deleted before control is the server the maximum number of rows to be deleted before control is
@ -18297,16 +18298,16 @@ The differences are:
@table @bullet @table @bullet
@item @item
Implemented as a drop and recreate of the table, which makes this Implemented as a drop and re-create of the table, which makes this
much faster when deleting many rows. much faster when deleting many rows.
@item @item
Not transaction safe; @code{TRUNCATE} will automaticly end the current Not transaction-safe; @code{TRUNCATE} will automaticly end the current
transaction as if @code{COMMIT} would have been called. transaction as if @code{COMMIT} would have been called.
@item @item
Doesn't return the number of deleted rows. Doesn't return the number of deleted rows.
@item @item
As long as the table definition file @file{table_name.frm} is As long as the table definition file @file{table_name.frm} is
valid, the table can be recreated this way, even if the data or index valid, the table can be re-created this way, even if the data or index
files have become corrupted.. files have become corrupted..
@end table @end table
@ -19970,7 +19971,7 @@ number of connections in a short period of time.
In other words, this value is the size of the listen queue for incoming In other words, this value is the size of the listen queue for incoming
TCP/IP connections. Your operating system has its own limit on the size TCP/IP connections. Your operating system has its own limit on the size
of this queue. The manual page for the UNIX @code{listen(2)} system of this queue. The manual page for the Unix @code{listen(2)} system
call should have more details. Check your OS documentation for the call should have more details. Check your OS documentation for the
maximum value for this variable. Attempting to set @code{back_log} maximum value for this variable. Attempting to set @code{back_log}
higher than your operating system limit will be ineffective. higher than your operating system limit will be ineffective.
@ -20240,7 +20241,7 @@ If creating the thread takes longer than this value (in seconds), the
@code{Slow_launch_threads} counter will be incremented. @code{Slow_launch_threads} counter will be incremented.
@item @code{socket} @item @code{socket}
The unix socket used by the server. The Unix socket used by the server.
@item @code{sort_buffer} @item @code{sort_buffer}
Each thread that needs to do a sort allocates a buffer of this Each thread that needs to do a sort allocates a buffer of this
@ -21527,10 +21528,10 @@ You can convert tables between different types with the @code{ALTER
TABLE} statement. @xref{ALTER TABLE, , @code{ALTER TABLE}}. TABLE} statement. @xref{ALTER TABLE, , @code{ALTER TABLE}}.
Note that @strong{MySQL} supports two different kinds of Note that @strong{MySQL} supports two different kinds of
tables. Transaction-safe tables (@code{BDB}) and not transaction safe tables. Transaction-safe tables (@code{BDB}) and not transaction-safe
tables (@code{ISAM}, @code{MERGE}, @code{MyISAM}, and @code{HEAP}). tables (@code{ISAM}, @code{MERGE}, @code{MyISAM}, and @code{HEAP}).
Advantages of transaction safe tables (TST): Advantages of transaction-safe tables (TST):
@itemize @bullet @itemize @bullet
@item @item
@ -21548,7 +21549,7 @@ If an update fails, all your changes will be restored. (With NTST tables all
changes that have taken place are permanent) changes that have taken place are permanent)
@end itemize @end itemize
Advantages of not transaction safe tables (NTST): Advantages of not transaction-safe tables (NTST):
@itemize @bullet @itemize @bullet
@item @item
@ -21701,7 +21702,7 @@ If we found an error, try to do a fast repair (with sorting and without
re-creating the data file) of the table. re-creating the data file) of the table.
@item @item
If the repair fails because of an error in the data file (for example a If the repair fails because of an error in the data file (for example a
duplicate key error), we try again, but this time we recreate the data file. duplicate key error), we try again, but this time we re-create the data file.
@item @item
If the repair fails, retry once more with the old repair option method If the repair fails, retry once more with the old repair option method
(write row by row without sorting) which should be able to repair any (write row by row without sorting) which should be able to repair any
@ -22046,7 +22047,7 @@ mysql> select * from total;
@end example @end example
To remap a @code{MERGE} table you must either @code{DROP} it and To remap a @code{MERGE} table you must either @code{DROP} it and
recreate it, use @code{ALTER TABLE} with a new @code{UNION} re-create it, use @code{ALTER TABLE} with a new @code{UNION}
specification, or change the @code{.MRG} file and issue a @code{FLUSH specification, or change the @code{.MRG} file and issue a @code{FLUSH
TABLE} on the @code{MERGE} table and all underlying tables to force the TABLE} on the @code{MERGE} table and all underlying tables to force the
handler to read the new definition file. handler to read the new definition file.
@ -23109,7 +23110,7 @@ yourself:
mysql> CREATE DATABASE menagerie; mysql> CREATE DATABASE menagerie;
@end example @end example
Under UNIX, database names are case sensitive (unlike SQL keywords), so you Under Unix, database names are case sensitive (unlike SQL keywords), so you
must always refer to your database as @code{menagerie}, not as must always refer to your database as @code{menagerie}, not as
@code{Menagerie}, @code{MENAGERIE}, or some other variant. This is also true @code{Menagerie}, @code{MENAGERIE}, or some other variant. This is also true
for table names. (Under Windows, this restriction does not apply, although for table names. (Under Windows, this restriction does not apply, although
@ -23389,7 +23390,7 @@ Edit the file @file{pet.txt} to correct the error, then empty the table
and reload it using @code{DELETE} and @code{LOAD DATA}: and reload it using @code{DELETE} and @code{LOAD DATA}:
@example @example
mysql> SET AUTOCOMMIT=1; # Used for quick recreate of the table mysql> SET AUTOCOMMIT=1; # Used for quick re-create of the table
mysql> DELETE FROM pet; mysql> DELETE FROM pet;
mysql> LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE "pet.txt" INTO TABLE pet; mysql> LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE "pet.txt" INTO TABLE pet;
@end example @end example
@ -23865,7 +23866,7 @@ was necessary to determine which animals are no longer alive using
@strong{MySQL} provides standard SQL pattern matching as well as a form of @strong{MySQL} provides standard SQL pattern matching as well as a form of
pattern matching based on extended regular expressions similar to those used pattern matching based on extended regular expressions similar to those used
by UNIX utilities such as @code{vi}, @code{grep}, and @code{sed}. by Unix utilities such as @code{vi}, @code{grep}, and @code{sed}.
SQL pattern matching allows you to use @samp{_} to match any single SQL pattern matching allows you to use @samp{_} to match any single
character and @samp{%} to match an arbitrary number of characters (including character and @samp{%} to match an arbitrary number of characters (including
@ -25827,7 +25828,7 @@ slower. Note that you still can use a dynamic linked @strong{MySQL}
library. It is only the server that is critical for performance. library. It is only the server that is critical for performance.
@item @item
If you connect using TCP/IP rather than UNIX sockets, the result is 7.5% If you connect using TCP/IP rather than Unix sockets, the result is 7.5%
slower on the same computer. (If you are connection to @code{localhost}, slower on the same computer. (If you are connection to @code{localhost},
@strong{MySQL} will by default use sockets). @strong{MySQL} will by default use sockets).
@ -27131,7 +27132,7 @@ If you are going to only read the table in the future, run @code{myisampack}
on it to make it smaller. @xref{Compressed format}. on it to make it smaller. @xref{Compressed format}.
@item @item
Recreate the indexes with @code{myisamchk -r -q Re-create the indexes with @code{myisamchk -r -q
/path/to/db/tbl_name}. This will create the index tree in memory before /path/to/db/tbl_name}. This will create the index tree in memory before
writing it to disk, which is much faster because it avoid lots of disk writing it to disk, which is much faster because it avoid lots of disk
seeks. The resulting index tree is also perfectly balanced. seeks. The resulting index tree is also perfectly balanced.
@ -27823,7 +27824,7 @@ shell> replace a b b a -- file1 file2 ...
@section safe_mysqld, the wrapper around mysqld @section safe_mysqld, the wrapper around mysqld
@code{safe_mysqld} is the recommended way to start a @code{mysqld} @code{safe_mysqld} is the recommended way to start a @code{mysqld}
daemon on UNIX. @code{safe_mysqld} adds some safety features such as daemon on Unix. @code{safe_mysqld} adds some safety features such as
restarting the server when an error occurs and logging runtime restarting the server when an error occurs and logging runtime
information to a log file. information to a log file.
@ -27967,8 +27968,8 @@ Debug log. Default is 'd:t:o,/tmp/mysql.trace'
@item -D, --database=.. @item -D, --database=..
Database to use; This is mainly useful in the @code{my.cnf} file. Database to use; This is mainly useful in the @code{my.cnf} file.
@cindex default character set option @cindex default character set option
@item --default-character-set=... @item
Set the default character set. --default-character-set=... Set the default character set.
@cindex execute option @cindex execute option
@item -e, --execute=... @item -e, --execute=...
Execute command and quit. (Output like with --batch) Execute command and quit. (Output like with --batch)
@ -28390,7 +28391,7 @@ no @samp{=your_pass} part,
@code{mysqldump} you will be prompted for a password. @code{mysqldump} you will be prompted for a password.
@item -P port_num, --port=port_num @item -P port_num, --port=port_num
The TCP/IP port number to use for connecting to a host. (This is used for The TCP/IP port number to use for connecting to a host. (This is used for
connections to hosts other than @code{localhost}, for which UNIX sockets are connections to hosts other than @code{localhost}, for which Unix sockets are
used.) used.)
@item -q, --quick @item -q, --quick
Don't buffer query, dump directly to stdout; Uses @code{mysql_use_result()} Don't buffer query, dump directly to stdout; Uses @code{mysql_use_result()}
@ -28408,7 +28409,7 @@ machine as the @code{mysqld} daemon. The format of the @code{.txt} file
is made according to the @code{--fields-xxx} and @code{--lines--xxx} options. is made according to the @code{--fields-xxx} and @code{--lines--xxx} options.
@item -u user_name, --user=user_name @item -u user_name, --user=user_name
The @strong{MySQL} user name to use when connecting to the server. The The @strong{MySQL} user name to use when connecting to the server. The
default value is your UNIX login name. default value is your Unix login name.
@item -O var=option, --set-variable var=option @item -O var=option, --set-variable var=option
Set the value of a variable. The possible variables are listed below. Set the value of a variable. The possible variables are listed below.
@item -v, --verbose @item -v, --verbose
@ -28549,7 +28550,7 @@ no @samp{=your_pass} part,
@item -P port_num, --port=port_num @item -P port_num, --port=port_num
The TCP/IP port number to use for connecting to a host. (This is used for The TCP/IP port number to use for connecting to a host. (This is used for
connections to hosts other than @code{localhost}, for which UNIX sockets are connections to hosts other than @code{localhost}, for which Unix sockets are
used.) used.)
@item -r, --replace @item -r, --replace
@ -28570,7 +28571,7 @@ default host).
@item -u user_name, --user=user_name @item -u user_name, --user=user_name
The @strong{MySQL} user name to use when connecting to the server. The The @strong{MySQL} user name to use when connecting to the server. The
default value is your UNIX login name. default value is your Unix login name.
@item -v, --verbose @item -v, --verbose
Verbose mode. Print out more information what the program does. Verbose mode. Print out more information what the program does.
@ -28740,7 +28741,7 @@ Don't pack table, only test packing it.
Use the named directory as the location in which to write the temporary table. Use the named directory as the location in which to write the temporary table.
@item -v, --verbose @item -v, --verbose
Verbose mode. Write info about progress and packing result. Verbose mode. Write information about progress and packing result.
@item -V, --version @item -V, --version
Display version information and exit. Display version information and exit.
@ -29017,7 +29018,7 @@ The number of bits used in the Huffman tree.
@end table @end table
After you have run @code{pack_isam}/@code{myisampack} you must run After you have run @code{pack_isam}/@code{myisampack} you must run
@code{isamchk}/@code{myisamchk} to recreate the index. At this time you @code{isamchk}/@code{myisamchk} to re-create the index. At this time you
can also sort the index blocks and create statistics that is needed for can also sort the index blocks and create statistics that is needed for
the @strong{MySQL} optimizer to work more efficiently. the @strong{MySQL} optimizer to work more efficiently.
@ -29364,7 +29365,7 @@ When repairing, @code{myisamchk} will also nead a lot of diskspace:
@item @item
Double the size of the record file (The original one and a copy). This Double the size of the record file (The original one and a copy). This
space is not needed if one does a repair with @code{--quick}, as in this space is not needed if one does a repair with @code{--quick}, as in this
case only the index file will be recreated. This space is needed on the case only the index file will be re-created. This space is needed on the
same disk as the original record file! same disk as the original record file!
@item @item
Space for the new index file (that replaces the old one; The old Space for the new index file (that replaces the old one; The old
@ -29918,7 +29919,7 @@ can usually detect and fix most things that go wrong.
The repair process involves up to four stages, described below. Before you The repair process involves up to four stages, described below. Before you
begin, you should @code{cd} to the database directory and check the begin, you should @code{cd} to the database directory and check the
permissions of the table files. Make sure they are readable by the UNIX user permissions of the table files. Make sure they are readable by the Unix user
that @code{mysqld} runs as (and to you, because you need to access the files that @code{mysqld} runs as (and to you, because you need to access the files
you are checking). If it turns out you need to modify files, they must also you are checking). If it turns out you need to modify files, they must also
be writable by you. be writable by you.
@ -30727,19 +30728,19 @@ program.
@strong{MyODBC} is a 32-bit ODBC (2.50) level 0 (with level 1 and level @strong{MyODBC} is a 32-bit ODBC (2.50) level 0 (with level 1 and level
2 features) driver for connecting an ODBC-aware application to 2 features) driver for connecting an ODBC-aware application to
@strong{MySQL}. @strong{MyODBC} works on Windows95, Windows98, NT and @strong{MySQL}. @strong{MyODBC} works on Windows95, Windows98, NT and
on most UNIX platforms. on most Unix platforms.
Normally you only need to install @strong{MyODBC} on Windows machines. Normally you only need to install @strong{MyODBC} on Windows machines.
You only need @strong{MyODBC} for UNIX if you have a program like You only need @strong{MyODBC} for Unix if you have a program like
ColdFusion that is running on the UNIX machine and uses ODBC to connect ColdFusion that is running on the Unix machine and uses ODBC to connect
to the databases. to the databases.
@strong{MyODBC} is in public domain and you can find the newest version @strong{MyODBC} is in public domain and you can find the newest version
at @uref{http://www.mysql.com/downloads/api-myodbc.html}. at @uref{http://www.mysql.com/downloads/api-myodbc.html}.
If you want to install @strong{MyODBC} on a UNIX box, you will also need If you want to install @strong{MyODBC} on a Unix box, you will also need
an @strong{ODBC} manager. @strong{MyODBC} is known to work with an @strong{ODBC} manager. @strong{MyODBC} is known to work with
most of the UNIX ODBC managers. You can find a list at these in the most of the Unix ODBC managers. You can find a list at these in the
@strong{ODBC}-related links section on the @strong{MySQL} useful links page. @strong{ODBC}-related links section on the @strong{MySQL} useful links page.
@xref{Useful Links}. @xref{Useful Links}.
@ -30760,12 +30761,12 @@ install @strong{MyODBC} and reboot to normal mode.
@itemize @bullet @itemize @bullet
@item @item
To make a connection to an UNIX box from a Windows box, with an ODBC To make a connection to an Unix box from a Windows box, with an ODBC
application (one that doesn't support @strong{MySQL} natively), you must application (one that doesn't support @strong{MySQL} natively), you must
first install @strong{MyODBC} on the Windows machine. first install @strong{MyODBC} on the Windows machine.
@item @item
The user and Windows machine must have the access privileges to the The user and Windows machine must have the access privileges to the
@strong{MySQL} server the UNIX machine. This is set up with the @code{GRANT} @strong{MySQL} server the Unix machine. This is set up with the @code{GRANT}
command. @xref{GRANT,,@code{GRANT}}. command. @xref{GRANT,,@code{GRANT}}.
@item @item
You must create an ODBC DSN entry as follows: You must create an ODBC DSN entry as follows:
@ -30983,7 +30984,7 @@ When you start a query you can use the property @code{Active} or use the
method @code{Open}. Note that @code{Active} will start by automatically issue method @code{Open}. Note that @code{Active} will start by automatically issue
a @code{SELECT * FROM ...} query that may not be a good thing if your tables a @code{SELECT * FROM ...} query that may not be a good thing if your tables
are big! are big!
@item ColdFusion (On UNIX) @item ColdFusion (On Unix)
The following information is taken from the ColdFusion documentation: The following information is taken from the ColdFusion documentation:
Use the following information to configure ColdFusion Server for Linux Use the following information to configure ColdFusion Server for Linux
@ -31706,11 +31707,11 @@ return a big result row!
@node Can not connect to server, Blocked host, Gone away, Common errors @node Can not connect to server, Blocked host, Gone away, Common errors
@subsection @code{Can't connect to [local] MySQL server} error @subsection @code{Can't connect to [local] MySQL server} error
A @strong{MySQL} client on UNIX can connect to the @code{mysqld} server in two A @strong{MySQL} client on Unix can connect to the @code{mysqld} server in two
different ways: UNIX sockets, which connect through a file in the file different ways: Unix sockets, which connect through a file in the file
system (default @file{/tmp/mysqld.sock}), or TCP/IP, which connects system (default @file{/tmp/mysqld.sock}), or TCP/IP, which connects
through a port number. UNIX sockets are faster than TCP/IP but can only through a port number. Unix sockets are faster than TCP/IP but can only
be used when connecting to a server on the same computer. UNIX sockets be used when connecting to a server on the same computer. Unix sockets
are used if you don't specify a hostname or if you specify the special are used if you don't specify a hostname or if you specify the special
hostname @code{localhost}. hostname @code{localhost}.
@ -31758,13 +31759,13 @@ error might occur:
If you are running on a system that doesn't have native threads, @code{mysqld} If you are running on a system that doesn't have native threads, @code{mysqld}
uses the MIT-pthreads package. uses the MIT-pthreads package.
@xref{Which OS}. @xref{Which OS}.
However, MIT-pthreads doesn't support UNIX sockets, so on such a system you However, MIT-pthreads doesn't support Unix sockets, so on such a system you
must always specify the hostname explicitly when connecting to the server. must always specify the hostname explicitly when connecting to the server.
Try using this command to check the connection to the server: Try using this command to check the connection to the server:
@example @example
shell> mysqladmin -h `hostname` version shell> mysqladmin -h `hostname` version
@end example @end example
@item Someone has removed the UNIX socket that @code{mysqld} uses (default @item Someone has removed the Unix socket that @code{mysqld} uses (default
@file{/tmp/mysqld.sock}). You might have a @code{cron} job that removes the @file{/tmp/mysqld.sock}). You might have a @code{cron} job that removes the
@strong{MySQL} socket (for example, a job that removes old files from the @file{/tmp} @strong{MySQL} socket (for example, a job that removes old files from the @file{/tmp}
directory). You can always run @code{mysqladmin version} and directory). You can always run @code{mysqladmin version} and
@ -31971,7 +31972,7 @@ Can't create/write to file '\\sqla3fe_0.ism'.
this means that @strong{MySQL} can't create a temporary file for the this means that @strong{MySQL} can't create a temporary file for the
result set in the given temporary directory (the above error is a result set in the given temporary directory (the above error is a
typical error message on windows, the UNIX error message is similar) . typical error message on windows, the Unix error message is similar) .
The fix is to start mysqld with @code{--tmpdir=path} or to add to your option The fix is to start mysqld with @code{--tmpdir=path} or to add to your option
file: file:
@ -32155,7 +32156,7 @@ the original table.
If you have problems with the fact that anyone can delete the If you have problems with the fact that anyone can delete the
@strong{MySQL} communication socket @file{/tmp/mysql.sock}, you can, @strong{MySQL} communication socket @file{/tmp/mysql.sock}, you can,
on most versions of UNIX, protect your @file{/tmp} file system by setting on most versions of Unix, protect your @file{/tmp} file system by setting
the @code{sticky} bit on it. Log in as @code{root} and do the following: the @code{sticky} bit on it. Log in as @code{root} and do the following:
@example @example
@ -32182,7 +32183,7 @@ If the last permission bit is @code{t}, the bit is set.
@section How to run MySQL as a normal user @section How to run MySQL as a normal user
The @strong{MySQL} server @code{mysqld} can be started and run by any user. The @strong{MySQL} server @code{mysqld} can be started and run by any user.
In order to change @code{mysqld} to run as UNIX user @code{user_name}, you must In order to change @code{mysqld} to run as Unix user @code{user_name}, you must
do the following: do the following:
@enumerate @enumerate
@ -32192,7 +32193,7 @@ Stop the server if it's running (use @code{mysqladmin shutdown}).
@item @item
Change the database directories and files so that @code{user_name} has Change the database directories and files so that @code{user_name} has
privileges to read and write files in them (you may need to do this as privileges to read and write files in them (you may need to do this as
the UNIX @code{root} user): the Unix @code{root} user):
@example @example
shell> chown -R user_name /path/to/mysql/datadir shell> chown -R user_name /path/to/mysql/datadir
@ -32205,9 +32206,9 @@ you.
@item @item
Start the server as user @code{user_name}, or, if you are using Start the server as user @code{user_name}, or, if you are using
@strong{MySQL} Version 3.22 or later, start @code{mysqld} as the UNIX @code{root} @strong{MySQL} Version 3.22 or later, start @code{mysqld} as the Unix @code{root}
user and use the @code{--user=user_name} option. @code{mysqld} will switch user and use the @code{--user=user_name} option. @code{mysqld} will switch
to run as UNIX user @code{user_name} before accepting any connections. to run as Unix user @code{user_name} before accepting any connections.
@item @item
If you are using the @code{mysql.server} script to start @code{mysqld} when If you are using the @code{mysql.server} script to start @code{mysqld} when
@ -32218,26 +32219,26 @@ necessary.)
@end enumerate @end enumerate
At this point, your @code{mysqld} process should be running fine and dandy as At this point, your @code{mysqld} process should be running fine and dandy as
the UNIX user @code{user_name}. One thing hasn't changed, though: the the Unix user @code{user_name}. One thing hasn't changed, though: the
contents of the permissions tables. By default (right after running the contents of the permissions tables. By default (right after running the
permissions table install script @code{mysql_install_db}), the @strong{MySQL} permissions table install script @code{mysql_install_db}), the @strong{MySQL}
user @code{root} is the only user with permission to access the @code{mysql} user @code{root} is the only user with permission to access the @code{mysql}
database or to create or drop databases. Unless you have changed those database or to create or drop databases. Unless you have changed those
permissions, they still hold. This shouldn't stop you from accessing permissions, they still hold. This shouldn't stop you from accessing
@strong{MySQL} as the @strong{MySQL} @code{root} user when you're logged in @strong{MySQL} as the @strong{MySQL} @code{root} user when you're logged in
as a UNIX user other than @code{root}; just specify the @code{-u root} option as a Unix user other than @code{root}; just specify the @code{-u root} option
to the client program. to the client program.
Note that accessing @strong{MySQL} as @code{root}, by supplying @code{-u Note that accessing @strong{MySQL} as @code{root}, by supplying @code{-u
root} on the command line, has @emph{nothing} to do with @strong{MySQL} running root} on the command line, has @emph{nothing} to do with @strong{MySQL} running
as the UNIX @code{root} user, or, indeed, as other UNIX user. The access as the Unix @code{root} user, or, indeed, as other Unix user. The access
permissions and user names of @strong{MySQL} are completely separate from permissions and user names of @strong{MySQL} are completely separate from
UNIX user names. The only connection with UNIX user names is that if you Unix user names. The only connection with Unix user names is that if you
don't provide a @code{-u} option when you invoke a client program, the client don't provide a @code{-u} option when you invoke a client program, the client
will try to connect using your UNIX login name as your @strong{MySQL} user will try to connect using your Unix login name as your @strong{MySQL} user
name. name.
If your UNIX box itself isn't secured, you should probably at least put a If your Unix box itself isn't secured, you should probably at least put a
password on the @strong{MySQL} @code{root} users in the access tables. password on the @strong{MySQL} @code{root} users in the access tables.
Otherwise, any user with an account on that machine can run @code{mysql -u Otherwise, any user with an account on that machine can run @code{mysql -u
root db_name} and do whatever he likes. root db_name} and do whatever he likes.
@ -32261,7 +32262,7 @@ file which is normally in the @strong{MySQL} database directory:
kill `cat /mysql-data-directory/hostname.pid` kill `cat /mysql-data-directory/hostname.pid`
@end example @end example
You must be either the UNIX @code{root} user or the same user the server You must be either the Unix @code{root} user or the same user the server
runs as to do this. runs as to do this.
@item @item
@ -32879,7 +32880,7 @@ that may be regarded as a number, in the directory used by the update log!
If you use the @code{--log} or @code{-l} options, @code{mysqld} writes a If you use the @code{--log} or @code{-l} options, @code{mysqld} writes a
general log with a filename of @file{hostname.log}, and restarts and general log with a filename of @file{hostname.log}, and restarts and
refreshes do not cause a new log file to be generated (although it is closed refreshes do not cause a new log file to be generated (although it is closed
and reopened). In this case you can copy it (on UNIX) by doing: and reopened). In this case you can copy it (on Unix) by doing:
@example @example
mv hostname.log hostname-old.log mv hostname.log hostname-old.log
@ -33083,7 +33084,7 @@ $dbh = DBI->connect($dsn, $user, $password);
@tindex Environment variable, MYSQL_UNIX_PORT @tindex Environment variable, MYSQL_UNIX_PORT
@tindex Environment variable, MYSQL_TCP_PORT @tindex Environment variable, MYSQL_TCP_PORT
Set the @code{MYSQL_UNIX_PORT} and @code{MYSQL_TCP_PORT} environment variables Set the @code{MYSQL_UNIX_PORT} and @code{MYSQL_TCP_PORT} environment variables
to point to the UNIX socket and TCP/IP port before you start your clients. to point to the Unix socket and TCP/IP port before you start your clients.
If you normally use a specific socket or port, you should place commands If you normally use a specific socket or port, you should place commands
to set these environment variables in your @file{.login} file. to set these environment variables in your @file{.login} file.
@xref{Environment variables}. @xref{Programs}. @xref{Environment variables}. @xref{Programs}.
@ -35150,12 +35151,12 @@ example below.
@item @item
The value of @code{host} may be either a hostname or an IP address. If The value of @code{host} may be either a hostname or an IP address. If
@code{host} is @code{NULL} or the string @code{"localhost"}, a connection to @code{host} is @code{NULL} or the string @code{"localhost"}, a connection to
the local host is assumed. If the OS supports sockets (UNIX) or named pipes the local host is assumed. If the OS supports sockets (Unix) or named pipes
(Windows), they are used instead of TCP/IP to connect to the server. (Windows), they are used instead of TCP/IP to connect to the server.
@item @item
The @code{user} parameter contains the user's @strong{MySQL} login ID. If The @code{user} parameter contains the user's @strong{MySQL} login ID. If
@code{user} is @code{NULL}, the current user is assumed. Under UNIX, this is @code{user} is @code{NULL}, the current user is assumed. Under Unix, this is
the current login name. Under Windows ODBC, the current user name must be the current login name. Under Windows ODBC, the current user name must be
specified explicitly. specified explicitly.
@xref{ODBC administrator}. @xref{ODBC administrator}.
@ -35227,7 +35228,7 @@ Failed to create an IP socket.
Out of memory. Out of memory.
@item CR_SOCKET_CREATE_ERROR @item CR_SOCKET_CREATE_ERROR
Failed to create a UNIX socket. Failed to create a Unix socket.
@item CR_UNKNOWN_HOST @item CR_UNKNOWN_HOST
Failed to find the IP address for the hostname. Failed to find the IP address for the hostname.
@ -35740,7 +35741,7 @@ following information:
@code{mysql_affected_rows()} returns the number of rows affected by the last @code{mysql_affected_rows()} returns the number of rows affected by the last
query when doing an @code{INSERT}, @code{UPDATE} or @code{DELETE}. An query when doing an @code{INSERT}, @code{UPDATE} or @code{DELETE}. An
exception is that if @code{DELETE} is used without a @code{WHERE} clause, the exception is that if @code{DELETE} is used without a @code{WHERE} clause, the
table is recreated empty, which is much faster! In this case, table is re-created empty, which is much faster! In this case,
@code{mysql_affected_rows()} returns zero for the number of records @code{mysql_affected_rows()} returns zero for the number of records
affected. affected.
@ -35758,7 +35759,7 @@ query that inserted a row into a table with an @code{AUTO_INCREMENT} index.
@item @item
Some queries (@code{LOAD DATA INFILE ...}, @code{INSERT INTO Some queries (@code{LOAD DATA INFILE ...}, @code{INSERT INTO
... SELECT ...}, @code{UPDATE}) return additional info. The result is ... SELECT ...}, @code{UPDATE}) return additional information. The result is
returned by @code{mysql_info()}. See the description for @code{mysql_info()} returned by @code{mysql_info()}. See the description for @code{mysql_info()}
for the format of the string that it returns. @code{mysql_info()} returns a for the format of the string that it returns. @code{mysql_info()} returns a
@code{NULL} pointer if there is no additional information. @code{NULL} pointer if there is no additional information.
@ -36052,7 +36053,7 @@ Use compressed communication between the client and server (@strong{MySQL}
3.22.3 or later). 3.22.3 or later).
@item mysql_socket=/path/to/socket @item mysql_socket=/path/to/socket
Specify the pathname of the UNIX socket that is used to connect Specify the pathname of the Unix socket that is used to connect
to the server (@strong{MySQL} Version 3.21.15 or later). to the server (@strong{MySQL} Version 3.21.15 or later).
@end table @end table
@ -37025,7 +37026,7 @@ or unsupported.
Normally, @code{PostgreSQL} is a magnitude slower than Normally, @code{PostgreSQL} is a magnitude slower than
@strong{MySQL}. @xref{Benchmarks}. This is due largely to they have only @strong{MySQL}. @xref{Benchmarks}. This is due largely to they have only
transaction safe tables and that their transactions system is not as transaction-safe tables and that their transactions system is not as
sophisticated as Berkeley DB's. In @strong{MySQL} you can decide per sophisticated as Berkeley DB's. In @strong{MySQL} you can decide per
table if you want the table to be fast or take the speed penalty of table if you want the table to be fast or take the speed penalty of
making it transaction safe. making it transaction safe.
@ -38931,7 +38932,7 @@ Fixed a bug in @code{SHOW CREATE} when using @code{AUTO_INCREMENT} columns.
@item @item
Changed BDB tables to use new compare function in Berkeley DB 3.2.3. Changed BDB tables to use new compare function in Berkeley DB 3.2.3.
@item @item
You can now use UNIX sockets with @code{mit-pthreads}. You can now use Unix sockets with @code{mit-pthreads}.
@item @item
Added the latin5 (turkish) character set. Added the latin5 (turkish) character set.
@item @item
@ -40694,7 +40695,7 @@ server inserts rows into a table.
@code{LEFT JOIN USING (col1,col2)} didn't work if one used it with tables @code{LEFT JOIN USING (col1,col2)} didn't work if one used it with tables
from 2 different databases. from 2 different databases.
@item @item
@code{LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE} didn't work in the UNIX version because of @code{LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE} didn't work in the Unix version because of
a missing file. a missing file.
@item @item
Fixed problems with @code{VARCHAR}/@code{BLOB} on very short rows (< 4 bytes); Fixed problems with @code{VARCHAR}/@code{BLOB} on very short rows (< 4 bytes);
@ -41195,7 +41196,7 @@ Fixed table locks for Windows.
Allow @samp{$} in identifiers. Allow @samp{$} in identifiers.
@item @item
Changed name of user-specific configuration file from @file{my.cnf} to Changed name of user-specific configuration file from @file{my.cnf} to
@file{.my.cnf} (UNIX only). @file{.my.cnf} (Unix only).
@item @item
Added @code{DATE_ADD()} and @code{DATE_SUB()} functions. Added @code{DATE_ADD()} and @code{DATE_SUB()} functions.
@end itemize @end itemize
@ -41330,7 +41331,7 @@ give a user read access to some tables and write access to others simply by
keeping them in different databases! keeping them in different databases!
@item @item
Added @code{--user} option to @code{mysqld}, to allow it to run Added @code{--user} option to @code{mysqld}, to allow it to run
as another UNIX user (if it is started as the UNIX @code{root} user). as another Unix user (if it is started as the Unix @code{root} user).
@item @item
Added caching of users and access rights (for faster access rights checking) Added caching of users and access rights (for faster access rights checking)
@item @item
@ -41583,7 +41584,7 @@ Fixed bug in @code{WEEK("XXXX-xx-01")}.
@appendixsubsec Changes in release 3.21.28 @appendixsubsec Changes in release 3.21.28
@itemize @bullet @itemize @bullet
@item @item
Fixed socket permission (clients couldn't connect to UNIX socket on Linux). Fixed socket permission (clients couldn't connect to Unix socket on Linux).
@item @item
Fixed bug in record caches; for some queries, you could get Fixed bug in record caches; for some queries, you could get
@code{Error from table handler: #} on some operating systems. @code{Error from table handler: #} on some operating systems.
@ -43072,7 +43073,7 @@ the daemon a little smaller and easier to understand.
@item @item
A lot of small bug fixes done. A lot of small bug fixes done.
@item @item
New @file{INSTALL} files (not final version) and some info regarding porting. New @file{INSTALL} files (not final version) and some information regarding porting.
@end itemize @end itemize
@node News-3.19.x, , News-3.20.x, News @node News-3.19.x, , News-3.20.x, News
@ -43711,7 +43712,7 @@ we use Sun PThreads (the native thread support in 2.4 and earlier
versions are not good enough) and on Linux we use LinuxThreads by Xavier versions are not good enough) and on Linux we use LinuxThreads by Xavier
Leroy, @email{Xavier.Leroy@@inria.fr}. Leroy, @email{Xavier.Leroy@@inria.fr}.
The hard part of porting to a new UNIX variant without good native The hard part of porting to a new Unix variant without good native
thread support is probably to port MIT-pthreads. See thread support is probably to port MIT-pthreads. See
@file{mit-pthreads/README} and @file{mit-pthreads/README} and
@uref{http://www.humanfactor.com/pthreads/, Programming POSIX Threads}. @uref{http://www.humanfactor.com/pthreads/, Programming POSIX Threads}.
@ -44539,7 +44540,7 @@ mysql> select "weeknights" REGEXP "^(wee|week)(knights|nights)$"; -> 1
Unireg is our tty interface builder, but it uses a low level connection Unireg is our tty interface builder, but it uses a low level connection
to our ISAM (which is used by @strong{MySQL}) and because of this it is to our ISAM (which is used by @strong{MySQL}) and because of this it is
very quick. It has existed since 1979 (on UNIX in C since ~1986). very quick. It has existed since 1979 (on Unix in C since ~1986).
Unireg has the following components: Unireg has the following components:
@ -44584,7 +44585,7 @@ serve web pages through @strong{MySQL} (and in some extreme cases the Unireg
report generator). report generator).
Unireg takes about 3M of disk space and works on at least the following Unireg takes about 3M of disk space and works on at least the following
platforms: SunOS 4.x, Solaris, Linux, HP-UX, ICL UNIX, DNIX, SCO and platforms: SunOS 4.x, Solaris, Linux, HP-UX, ICL Unix, DNIX, SCO and
MS-DOS. MS-DOS.
Unireg is currently only available in Swedish and Finnish. Unireg is currently only available in Swedish and Finnish.